生长后期喷施石灰水或KH2PO4对甘蔗糖分积累、产量和某些生理特性的影响

The Effects of Foliar Spray of Limewater or KH2PO4 at Late Growth stage on Sugar Accumulation, Yield and Some Physiological Characters in Sugarcane

关键词:  甘蔗  石灰水  KH₂PO₄  蔗糖积累  产量  生理特性

Key words:  sugarcane  limewater  KH₂PO₄  sucrose accumulation  yield  physiological characters

摘要:

用桂糖11号和台糖134作为供试甘蔗品种,在生长后期(10月11日)叶面喷施石灰水和KH₂PO₄。结果提高了甘蔗叶片的Mg²⁺-ATP酶、Ca²⁺-ATP酶、NADP-苹果酸酶和中性转化酶活性以及蔗糖和水分含量,促进了甘蔗蔗糖分提高而使蔗汁还原糖分降低。石灰水处理甘蔗品质提高较快,而KH₂PO₄处理甘蔗品质提高效应维持时间相对较长。两种处理都有一定的增产作用,其中石灰水处理的增产幅度较大,与对照的差异达到了统计显著水平。KH₂PO₄处理还明显提高了甘蔗叶片的过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶活性、呼吸强度和叶绿素含量。

Abstract:

Two sugarcane varieties, GT11 and F134, were sprayed 2% limcwater or 0.1% KH₂PO₄ solution on the leaves at late growth stage(on October 11). As compared with the control, both of the treatments showed higher activities of Mg²⁺-ATPase, Ca²⁺-ATPase, NADP-malic enzyme and neutral invcrtase,and higher contents of sucrose and water in leaves, resulting in a higher sucrose content in cane but lower reducing suber content in jUice. The limewater treatment improved cane quality more quickly than the KH₂PO₄ treatment, but a longer duration of the effect was found in the later treatment. Both of the treatments produced higher cane yield than the control, but the increase was higher in the limewater treatment. which was statistically significant as compared with the control. The KH₂PO₄ treatment also increased activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, and respiratory intensity, and chlorophyll content in leaves as compared with the control.