蜘蛛抱蛋属花粉扫描电镜研究

Pollen Mophology of Genus Aspidistra Studied by Scanning Electron Microscope

关键词:  蜘蛛抱蛋属  花粉形态  扫描电镜

Key words:  Aspidistra  pollen morphology  scanning electron microscope

摘要:

为进一步研究蜘蛛抱蛋属植物的起源、演化及自然分类,用扫描电子显微镜观察蜘蛛抱蛋属(Aspidistra)的棒蕊蜘蛛抱蛋(A.claviformis)、丛生蜘蛛抱蛋(A.caespitosa)、峨边蜘蛛抱蛋(A.ebianensis)、辐花蜘蛛抱蛋(A.subrotata)、粽叶草(A.oblanceifolia)、广东蜘蛛抱蛋(A.lurida)、乐山蜘蛛抱蛋(A.leshanensis)、海南蜘蛛抱蛋(A.hainanensis)、大花蜘蛛抱蛋(A.tonkinensis)、罗甸蜘蛛抱蛋(A.luodianensis)的花粉形态。每种植物采发育正常含苞待放的花1~3朵,取花粉用艾特曼醋酸法处理后,CO₂临界点干燥,导电胶贴于样台,真空喷金镀膜;置于扫描电子显微镜下观察、测量及照相。详细地描述各种花粉的外部形态。10种蜘蛛抱蛋属植物花粉均为近球形或球形,无萌发孔,外壁纹饰可分为:皱波状纹饰和小芽孢状纹饰。不同种植物花粉外壁纹饰存在一定差异;二类型花粉外壁纹饰存在一定的演化关系。

Abstract:

The pollen morphology of Aspidistra claviformis,A caespitosa, A ebianensis,A subrotata,A oblanceifolia,A lurida,A leshanensis,A hainanensis,A tonkinensis,A luodianensis was investigated with scanning electron microscope. The normal growth flower buds (one to three) were collected as samples for each species. Their morphological characters were described. The pollens of 10 species in Aspidistra are spheroidal and subspheroidal,without germ pore. The exine sculpture in these species was basically distinguished two types of rugulate exine and gemmate exine. It is suggested that the gemmate exine type derived from the rugulate exine type.