蒜头果种腐病研究初报

A Research on Seed Rot of Malania oleifera

关键词:  蒜头果  种腐病  茄类镰刀菌  黄萎轮枝菌

Key words:  Malania oleifera  seed rot  Fusarium solani  Verticillum albo-atrum Reinke et Berthold

摘要:

于2000年10月至2001年5月做蒜头果(Malana oleifera Chun et S.Lee)种子沙藏试验,沙藏2个月后随机抽样100粒种子解剖检查,发现种子感病率64%,其中全部腐烂变质率高达50%,局部感病率14%;沙藏5个月发病率达72%。从蒜头果种病腐组织分离、纯化得到4个属的6个菌株病原真菌,镜检到一种线虫。分别用这6个菌株的菌丝与分生孢子的混合液体进行人工接种试验,结果表明,茄类镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)和黄萎轮枝菌(Verticillum albo-atrum Reinke et Berthold.)表现出较强的致病力,认为它们是蒜头果种腐病的致病菌,并对它们的形态特征及引致的症状特点作了描述。线虫的危害状尚未明确。

Abstract:

The seeds of Malania oleifera were stored in sands from Oct 2000 to May 2001 Two months later,100 seeds were randomly chosen for examination. The diseased seeds were found to be 64%,and the whole rotted seeds up to 50%,and partly rotted seeds 14% Five months later,the diseased seeds reached to 72% Six strains of pathogen belonging to four genuses were separated and purified from the rotted seeds. A kind of nematode was found in light microscope. The mixed solution of mycelia and conidias of these six strains was inoculated into the health seeds.It was found that Fusarium solani and Verticillum albo-atrum had strong pathogenicity,and they were keys pathogens rotting the seeds of Malania oleifera. The morphological characteristics of these two pathogens and symptoms were described. The responsibility of nematode is not clear.