一种自适应普遍路况的元胞自动机交通流模型

One Model of Cellular Automaton Traffic Flow Which is Self-adaptive to General Road Conditions

关键词:  交通流  元胞自动机  重力  交通波  相变分析

Key words:  traffic flow  cellular automaton  gravity  stop-start traffic wave  phase-transition analysis

摘要:

在Nagel-Schreckenberg(NaSch)模型的基础上,考虑重力对行驶坡道上车辆的影响,将时间与空间上连续的加速、减速效应离散化,以概率p_up和p_down的方式进行一次性速度补偿,提出一个改进的NaSch模型,并对改进的模型进行计算机数值模拟.模拟结果显示,改进后的模型能准确反映特殊路段对行驶车辆的影响,同时再现了与实际交通相一致的时走时停交通波等复杂的非线性现象,能自动适应普遍路况.

Abstract:

The Nagel-Schreckenberg (NaSch) model is improved with taking into account the effect of gravity on the vehicles running on a ramp road, discretizing the effect of acceleration and deceleration which are continued in time and space, and making an one-off compensation for the velocities with modes of probabilities p_up and p_down.The computer numerical simulations has been used to the improved model.The simulation shows that the improved model can accurately reflect the influence of special sections of a road on the running vehicles, meanwhile visualize the complex nonlinear phenomenon of traffic waves of alternate running and stopping as in actual traffics.It is revealed that the improved model can be self-adaptive to general road conditions.