罐头用的法国豆原料中有机磷农药去除方法

Removal of Organic Phosphorus Pesticide Residues in French Beans for Canned Food

关键词:  农药残留  臭氧  去除效果  法国豆

Key words:  pesticide residues  Ozone  removal effect  French beans

摘要:

采用正交设计方法,选取臭氧处理时间(0,5,10,15,20min)、浸泡时间(5,10,15,20,25min)、漂洗次数(1,2,3,4,5次)、添加剂种类(洗涤剂、食用碱、醋精、食醋和淀粉)4个因素,设置不同组合,研究广西出口罐头用的法国豆原料中乐果、敌敌畏、三唑磷和甲胺磷4种常用有机磷农药残留的去除效果。结果表明,各种处理对法国豆中4种农药均有一定的去除作用,去除率分别为乐果26.61%~78.75%、敌敌畏8.10%~62.86%、三唑磷75.26%~95.25%和甲胺磷l6.45%~79.45%。以4种农药平均去除率为评价依据,影响去除效果的因素大小依次为添加剂类型 > 浸泡时间 > 臭氧处理时间 > 漂洗次数。去除方法优化组合为将法国豆原料放入2%食醋或食用碱水溶液,用臭氧处理20min,继续浸泡25min,用自来水漂洗2次,每次1min。臭氧对4种农药去除效果的影响次序为甲胺磷 > 乐果 > 敌敌畏 > 三唑磷,臭氧处理时密封,去除率均高于敞口的处理,处理方式对结果的影响次序为敌敌畏 > 乐果 > 甲胺磷 > 三唑磷。

Abstract:

A trial was conducted for obtaining the better method to remove residues of Dimethoate, Dichlorvos, Triazophos and Methamidophos in French beans.The trail was designed by orthogonal array.The treatment factors are Ozone at levels of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 min, soakage at levels of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25min, rinse at levels of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 times, and additions including detergent、dietary alkali, edible vinegar、starch.The French beans were collected from Guangxi.In the trail, the removal of Dimethoate, Dichlorvos, Triazophos and Methamidophos in French bean were 26.61% to 78.75%、8.10% to 62.86%、75.26% to 95.25% and l6.45% to 79.45%, respectively.The sequence of four influence factors was additions > soakage time > Ozone > rinse.The best treatment was that French beans were in the water contained 2% edible vinegar for 20 min under Ozone, and kept in the above water without Ozone for 25 min, finally rinsed with tap water for twice with each time 1 min.The influence sequence of ozone on removal of four pesticide residues was Methamidophos > Dimethoate > Dichlorvos > Triazophos.In the Ozone treatment, the removal in the seal-treated was better than in the open-treated.