六方格子行人疏散元胞自动机模拟研究

Study and Simulation of Pedestrian Evacuation Process Based on Hexagonal Lattice Cellular Automaton Model

关键词:  元胞自动机  行人流  疏散  六方格子模型

Key words:  cellular automaton  pedestrian flow  evacuation  hexagonal lattice model

摘要:

在正六边形网格上建立六方格子行人疏散元胞自动机模型,模拟研究房间内的行人疏散过程,并在3种人员密度(0.1,0.3,0.5)下,比较分析六方子格模型与四方格子模型在房间出口宽度,行人平均速度和平均流量与疏散时间等参数下的差异。结果表明,在同样人员密度下,六方格子模型比四方格子模型平均疏散时间更短,行人疏散得更快,四方格子模型系统平均速度与平均流量比六方格子更大。行人在疏散过程中为了更快地逃离房间可以考虑往多个的方向运动,但是要最大限度地避免出现阻塞,并尽快减少出现阻塞的区域,这样才更有利于疏散。

Abstract:

Hexagonal lattice pedestrian evacuation cellular automaton mode was established based on hexagon grid, and pedestrian flow evacuation process from a hall was simulated.Then, we compared hexagonal model with square model, analyzed the relationships among, exit width, mean velocity and mean flow with escape time under the different density of pedestrian (0.1, 0.3, 0.5).The results show that the evacuation time of hexagonal model were shorter and people escaped faster than squared model under the same density of pedestrian, but the mean velocity and mean flow of square model were bigger than hexagonal model.Pedestrians can be considered more direction of the movement in order to escape more quickly from the room during the evacuation process, and to maximize avoid congestion, which would be more conducive to evacuate.