广西花坪国家级自然保护区蕨类植物区系研究

Study on the Pteridophyte Flora of Huaping National Nature Reserve of Guangxi

关键词:  蕨类植物  区系  基本组成  分布类型  生态类型

Key words:  pteridophyte  flora  basic composition  distribution type  ecological type

摘要:

在野外调查和室内标本整理的基础上,对花坪国家级自然保护区蕨类植物区系进行调查研究,分析蕨类植物区系的基本组成、分布类型以及生态类型。调查结果显示,该区有蕨类植物44科、88属、207种(包括种下单位),其中鳞毛蕨科(Dryopteridaceae)、水龙骨科(Polypodiaceae)、金星蕨科(Thelypteridaceae)等为优势科;以鳞毛蕨属(Dryopteris)、铁角蕨属(Asplenium)及凤尾蕨属(Pteris)等几个东亚分布的属为种类富集属。该区蕨类植物以泛热带分布、热带亚洲分布的科、属为主,说明该区蕨类植物具有热带、亚热带性质;以热带亚洲分布的种为主,占除世界分布种之外总数的34.8%,东亚及其变型分布型和中国特有分布型占有较高的比例,说明该区蕨类植物具有明显的泛热带分布、东亚分布性质及一定的特有性;以阴性植物、中生植物及土生植物居多,但是附生植物有56种,占总种数的27%,较高比例的附生植物在一定程度说明该区降水较为充沛,空气湿度较大,水热条件比较好的特点。

Abstract:

Based on field investigation and indoor data statistics, there are 207 species (including subspecies and variety) of pteridophyte which belong to 88 genera and 44 families in this area.The dominant families are Dryopteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, Thelypteridaceae and the dominant genera are Dryopteris, Asplenium, Pteris.A detailed floristic analysis reveals that dominant families and genera are pantropical and tropical Asia;the tropical Asian species are dominant, which constitute 34.8% of the total species (excluding the cosmopolitan).The peteridophyte flora is abundant in eastern Asian species and the species that are endemic to China.The ecological features are as follows:rich species of sciophytes, mesophytes and terraphytes;higher proportions species of epiphytes, which constitute 27% of the total species;lower proportions species of heliophytes, xerophytes and lithophytes.