广西钦州湾浮游植物群落结构特征

Phytoplankton Community in Coastal Waters of Qinzhou Bay in Guangxi

关键词:  浮游植物  群落特征  种类  丰度  多样性

Key words:  phytoplankton  community characteristics  species  abundance  diversity

摘要:

在广西钦州湾海域设置15个调查站位,分别于2010年5月(春季)、8月(夏季)、11月(秋季)和2011年2月(冬季)采集表层海水,用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数分析该海域浮游植物种类组成、优势种类、丰度的变化以及群落多样性等群落结构特征。共鉴定浮游植物79属193种(包括变型和变种),隶属于6个门,硅藻种类最多,共48属149种,占总种类的77.2%,其种数和丰度都占绝对优势,平均丰度为10.47×10⁴ cells/L;其次为甲藻,16属28种,占总种类的14.5%,平均丰度为0.46×10⁴ cells/L。浮游植物丰度0.49×10⁴~67.74×10⁴ cells/L,平均值为11.94×10⁴ cells/L,丰度变化为典型双峰型,春秋季高,夏冬季低。调查期间共出现10种优势种,不同季节优势种既有交叉又有演替。浮游植物群落的多样性指数冬季最高,春季最低。

Abstract:

Phytoplankton composition, abundance, community structure, dominant species and diversity in coastal waters of Qinzhou Bay in Guangxi were investigated in each season in 2010. The results showed that a total of 79 genera and 193 species of phytoplankton were identified, belonging to six phyla. The cells abundance of phytoplankton varied from 0.49×10⁴ to 67.74×10⁴ cells/L with an average of 11.94×10⁴ cells/L.The largest component was Diatoms (the average of 10.47×10⁴ cells/L) containing 48 genera and 149 species, occupied 77.2% of species.Dinoflagellate (the average of 0.46×10⁴ cells/L) was the next most common with 17genera and 28 species, occupied 14.5% of species. Annual variations of the phytoplankton community in Qinzhou Bay showed a typical two-peak cycle, with the highest cell abundance peak appeared in Spring and Autumn, the lowest recorded in Summer and Winter. There were 10 kinds of dominant species during the investigation, common species and dominant species were euryhalinous, eurythermic and eurytopic species, There was succession of species in different seasons, nevertheless, some species revealed seasonal cross. Shannon-Wiener index peaked in Winter and minimized in Spring.