北部湾近岸海域夏季海洋环境质量评价

Application the Nemerow Index to Comprehensive Assessment of Sea Area Environmental Quality of Beibu Gulf Coast in Summer

关键词:  北部湾  海水  沉积物  内梅罗指数

Key words:  Beibu Gulf  seawater  sediments  Nemerow index

摘要:

[目的]调查和评价广西北部湾近岸海域的污染状况。[方法]2010年6月从广西北部湾近岸海域采集46个海水样品和24个表层沉积物样品,测定海水中14种元素和沉积物中12种元素的含量,并采用单因子指数法和内梅罗指数法对海水及表层沉积物污染特征进行分析和评价。[结果]该海域中海水平均单项污染程度依次为铅>无机磷>无机氮=锌 > 汞 > pH值 > 溶解氧 > 化学耗氧量 > 油类 > 铜 > 镉 > DDT > 砷 > 总铬,其中铅和无机磷平均含量超过国家一类海水水质标准;表层沉积物中平均单向污染指数大小顺序为砷>石油类 > 铅 > 铬 > 锌 > 汞=铜>有机碳 > DDT > 镉 > 多氯联苯 > 硫化物,平均含量单项污染指数均小于1,主要污染物为砷、石油类、铅、铬。[结论]内梅罗指数综合评价结果显示,广西北部湾近岸海域海水处于较清洁状态,沉积物质量环境状况良好;综合评价结果显示,该海域海水处于清洁状态。

Abstract:

[Objective] The survey and assessment on the environmental situation of pollution were conducted in the coastal waters of Beibu Gulf.[Method] 46 seawater samples and 24 surface sediments samples were collected by Guangxi Beibu Gulf Coast in June 2010.The content in seawater and sediments was determined.The pollution status of seawater and surface sediments in Beibu Gulf Cast by the index technique of single factor and Nenerow index.[Result] The results showed that the seawater sequence of single factor index was Pb > P > DIN=Zn > Hg > pH > DO > COD > Oils > Cu > Cd > DDT > As > Cr.The concentration of Pb and P exceeded the standard of first grade seawater quality of China.The surface sediments sequence of single factor index was As > Oils > Pb > Cr > Zn > Hg=Cu > TOC > DDT > Cd > PCB_S > S.The average content of single factor index was less than one.It was in the first grade sediments quality of china.The major pollution was As, Oils, Pb and Cr.[Conclusion] The seawater was in comparatively clean state of Nemerow index and the surface sediments were in clean state of Nemerow index.