南黄海大型底栖动物群落划分及变化

Variations of Macrofaunal Community Classification in the South Yellow Sea

关键词:  大型底栖动物  群落划分  南黄海

Key words:  macrofauna  community classification  the South Yellow Sea

摘要:

[目的]深入了解南黄海大型底栖动物群落结构,为南黄海生态环境保护提供科学依据。[方法]根据2012年6月、8月和10月3个航次南黄海大型底栖动物的调查资料,采用聚类分析(Cluster analysis,CLUSTER)、非参数多维标度排序(Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling,nMDS)、单因素相似性分析(One-way analysis of similarity,One-way ANOSIM)以及相似性百分比分析(Similarity percentages,SIMPER)对数据资料进行分析。[结果]CLUSTER和nMDS排序发现在20%的相似性水平上,不同月份的大型底栖动物可划分为4~5个群落。One-way ANOSIM分析表明南黄海大型底栖动物群落结构的月份间差异显著。SIMPER分析表明不同群落的贡献种不同,黄海冷水团群落贡献种为棘皮动物和软体动物,其他群落的贡献种以多毛类动物居多。[结论]通过与历史资料对比,发现南黄海大型底栖动物群落在过去半个世纪发生了重大变化,但仍主要以黄海冷水团群落、混合群落和广温性群落为主。棘皮动物浅水萨氏真蛇尾(Ophiura sarsii vadicola)取代软体动物和甲壳动物,成为黄海冷水团群落最主要的优势类群,多毛类动物取代棘皮动物和软体动物,成为混合群落和广温性群落的主要优势类群。

Abstract:

[Objective] This research was aimed to give insight into the macrofaunal community structure in the South Yellow Sea and to provide scientific foundation for ecological environment protection in future.[Methods] Based on the samples collected in the South Yellow Sea during June,August and October,2012,the macrofaunal data were analyzed by using cluster analysis (CLUSTER),non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (nMDS),one-way analysis of similarity (One-way ANOSIM) and similarity percentages (SIMPER) methods.[Results] CLUSTER and nMDS showed that the macrofauna could be classified into 4~5 groups on the 20% similarity level.One-way ANOSIM analysis revealed that the macrofaunal communities among three months were significantly different in the South Yellow Sea.SIMPER analysis uncovered that the dominant species in different groups were also different,with Echinodermata and Mollusca dominated the community in the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass and Polychaeta in others.[Conclusion] Compared with previous reports,the macrofauna in the South Yellow Sea had changed drastically for over half a century,and were classified into three communities,i.e.,the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass community,the mixed community and the eurythermal community.Echinoderm Ophiura sarsii vadicola replaced Mollusca and Crustacea as the most dominant species in the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass community.Polychaeta replaced Echinodermata and Mollusca as the dominant species in the mixed community and the eurythermal community.