行人的集团行为对通道交通的影响

Study on the Group Behavior of Pedestrian in a Channel

关键词:  行人交通流  格子气模型  结队  迁移概率

Key words:  pedestrian traffic flow  lattice gas model  group behavior  drift D

摘要:

[目的]研究在行人通道中,行人结队行走对交通拥堵的影响,避免突发事件的发生。[方法]基于偏向随机行走格子气模型,提出行人通道中行人结队行走的偏向随机行走格子气模型。结队人群在通道中的行走规则与单个人行走时一样,行进的方向是一致的,行进过程中不能后退。每个集团的人群由n1×n2个人组成,占据n1×n2个格点。考虑向左、向右、向上和向下行走的4种人群。[结果]在行人交通流中出现从自由相到堵塞相的相变现象,且相变的临界密度与行人集团的尺度有很大的关系。[结论]相变的临界密度取决于行人集团的尺度,行人集团的尺度和迁移系数影响阻塞相变。

Abstract:

[Objective] This paper studies the impacts of pedestrian walking in groups in a pedestrian access on traffic jams to avoid the occurrence of unexpected events.[Methods] Based on a biased random-walk lattice gas model, a biased random-walk lattice gas model for pedestrian walking in groups in a pedestrian access is proposed.Walking rules of the crowds in a pedestrian access are the same as those of a single person.They walk together towards the same direction and no retreat is allowed during the advancing process.A people group is composed by n1×n2 people and occupies n1×n2 sites on lattice. Four people groups, which walk towards the left and right, upward and downward, are considered in the model.[Results] The phenomenon of phase transition in pedestrian flow is found from free phase to jam phase, and the critical density of phase transition has a great relationship with the pedestrian group's size.[Conclusion] The critical density of phase transition depends on the pedestrian group's size, and the pedestrian group's size and migration coefficient affect the blocking phase transition.