基于综合水质标识指数法的九洲江水质评价

Application of Comprehensive Water Quality Identification Index in Water Quality Evaluation of Jiuzhoujiang River

关键词:  九洲江  水质评价  标识指数法

Key words:  Jiuzhoujiang River  water quality evaluation  mark index method

摘要:

[目的]综合评价水环境质量,全面把握水环境污染特征是水环境治理中的重要基础性工作。[方法]采用综合水质标识指数评价法对2016年九洲江水质进行评价。[结果]九洲江9个断面综合水质类别均达到水环境功能区目标,主要污染物依次为氨氮、总磷、溶解氧。从时间变化上来看,除了2月份、6~9月份丰水期外,其余月份均出现超标因子。从空间变化上来看,综合水质标识指数由高到低依次为1#陆川污水处理厂下游 > 2#大桥坝 > 3#滩面桥、11#温水浪 > 7#文车桥、9#石角镇蟠龙桥、12#顺路沙场 > 4#良田坝、5#飞蛾岭。其中,1#陆川污水处理厂下游指数较高是受到上游干流周边的生活污水、工业废水、畜禽养殖废水未经处理排放的影响,7#文车桥、11#温水浪和9#石角镇蟠龙桥指数出现升高,是由于宁潭河、圭地河、古城河3条支流的分别汇入。[结论]综合水质标识指数评价法较之综合污染指数法,弥补了不能直观判断综合水质类别的缺点,有既能判断综合水质类别,说明水质达标情况,识别单因子水质达标个数,还能够评价劣Ⅴ类水质的黑臭情况的优点。

Abstract:

[Objective] Comprehensive evaluation of water environment quality and comprehensive understanding the water environment pollution characteristics is an important basic work in water environment governance.[Methods] The water quality of Jiuzhoujiang River was evaluated in 2016 by comprehensive water quality identification index method.[Results] The comprehensive water quality of the 9 sections of Jiuzhoujiang River reached the goal of water environment function zone, and the main pollutants were NH₃-N, TP and DO.From the time change point of view, except for the wet season in February and June to September, the exceeding standard factors appeared in the remaining months.From the point of space change, the comprehensive water quality identification index from high to low was:1# Luchuan sewage treatment plant downstream > 2# Dam Bridge > 3# Tanmian Bridge, 11# Beach water wave > 7# Wenche Bridge, 9# Panlong Bridge, 12# Shunlu Battlefield > 4# Liangtian Dam, 5# Feier Ridge.Among them, the higher index of 1# Luchuan sewage treatment plant downstream was affected by the untreated discharge of domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and livestock and poultry breeding wastewater around the upstream mainstream.Due to the separate flows of the three tributaries of the Ningtan River, the Guidi River and the Gucheng River, the index of 7# Wenche Bridge, 11# Beach water wave and 9# Panlong Bridge are affected by the tributaries of Ningtanhe river, Guidihe River and Guchenghe River.[Conclusion] Compared with the comprehensive pollution index method, the comprehensive water quality identification index evaluation method compensates for the lack of intuitive judgment of comprehensive water quality categories.It can judge the comprehensive water quality category, explain the water quality standard, identify the number of single factor water quality standards, and can evaluate the black and foul conditions of the inferior Ⅴ water quality.