武鸣灵水岩溶泉的水环境变化及管理保护面临的新问题

Change of Water Environment in Lingshui Karst Spring and New Issues Faced in Water Resources Management and Protection

关键词:  岩溶泉  水文地质  水生环境  水质  管理

Key words:  karst spring  hydrogeology  aquatic environment  water quality  management

摘要:

[目的]以武鸣灵水岩溶泉为例，对调查研究灵水来源及环境地质问题所做的一系列工作进行总结，为其他地区的地下水开发利用和保护提供经验和参考。[方法]综合前期的地面调查、钻探、物探、水化学、水文监测以及示踪试验等多种技术手段，总结灵水岩溶泉的形成及水环境退化的原因和趋势。[结果]确定灵水的补给范围；灵水含水层以网状裂隙排泄为主，呈现集中径流带的特征；枯季灵水的水资源量明显减少；水文功能的弱化导致水生生态系统急剧退化。另外，灵水还面临有害微生物快速繁殖、地下水动力减弱引发河流倒灌更加频繁等亟待解决的问题。[结论]灵水研究的一系列工作既展示了成果，也成为岩溶水源地研究的典范。广西其他岩溶地下水的研究还停留在水质水量的调查评价阶段。建议以灵水为参考，从单纯的无机环境向有机生命环境过渡，以应对变化环境下岩溶地下水资源管理和保护所面临的挑战。

Abstract:

[Objective] Taking Wuming Lingshui karst spring as an example,this paper summarized a series of investigation and research works for understanding the source of Lingshui and its environmental geology problems,and provided experience and reference groundwater development and utilization and protection in other areas.[Methods] Ground survey,borehole drilling,geophysical prospecting,monitoring on hydrochemistry and hydrology,and tracer test were applied to summarize the causes and trends of the formation of water karst springs and water environment degradation.[Results] The recharge range of Lingshui was determined. Karst aquifer in Lingshui system was dominated by network fissures,showing the characteristics of concentrated runoff belts. Water quantity in dry seasons was significantly reduced in Lingshui Spring. The weakening of hydrological function led to abrupt degradation of aquatic ecosystem. In addition,Lingshui also faced with problems that needed to be solved urgently,such as the rapid propagation of harmful microorganisms and the frequent river backflow caused by the reducing of groundwater dynamics.[Conclusion] A series of work in Lingshui's research has not only demonstrated the results,but also served as a model for the research on karst water sources. In comparison,most of karst groundwater in Guangxi still stays in the initial stages of water quality and quantify investigation and evaluation. It is suggested to take Lingshui as a reference and the research should transfer from a pure inorganic environment to an organic life environment to cope with the challenge of karst groundwater management and protection under changing environment.