湖南省苦苣苔科植物物种多样性分析

Analysis of Species Diversity of Gesneriaceae Plants in Hunan

关键词:  物种多样性  苦苣苔科  特有种  地理分布  区系成分  湖南

Key words:  species diversity  Gesneriaceae  endemic species  geographical distribution  floral element  Hunan Province

摘要:

通过对中国湖南省苦苣苔科植物野外调查以及文献资料整理，从苦苣苔科植物的属种组成、区系成分及地理分布特征等方面，阐述湖南省苦苣苔植物多样性现状。湖南省内共有苦苣苔科植物17属81种（含种下单位，下同），无特有属；特有种23种，占总种数28.40%。省内苦苣苔科植物主要分布于湘西北和湘西南地区。种数排前五的属为广义报春苣苔属（24种）、广义马铃苣苔属（17种）、半蒴苣苔属（9种）、石山苣苔属（6种）、长蒴苣苔属（5种）及吊石苣苔属（5种）。地理成分以热带成分为主。在种的分类水平上，特有成分所含种数32种，占总种数的45.07%，表明湖南省苦苣苔科植物特有性较高。针对苦苣苔科植物分布特性以及湖南苦苣苔科植物多样性现状，本文给出了合理保护与开发利用省内野生资源的建议。

Abstract:

Based on the field investigation and literature compilation of the Gesneriaceae plant in Hunan Province,China,and according to the diversity of the genus composition,floristic composition and geographical distribution characteristics,the status quo of plant diversity of Gesneriaceae in Hunan Province were expatiated. It shows that there are 81 species (including infraspecies,the same below),17 genera of Gesneriaceae in Hunan province,with no endemic genera; but there are 23 species endemic species,accounting for 28.40% of the total species. The plants of the genus Gesneriaceae in the province are mainly distributed in the northwest of Hunan and the southwest of Hunan. The top five genus are Primulina (24 species),Oreocharis (17 species),Hemiboea (9 species),Petrocodon (6 species),Didymocarpus (5 species) and Lysionotus (5 species). The geographical component is dominated by tropical components. At the taxonomic level of the species,there are 32 species of endemic components,accounting for 45.07% of the total species,indicating that the plant species of Gesneriaceae plant in Hunan Province is highly specific. Aiming at the distribution characteristics and status quo of plant diversity of Gesneriaceae in Hunan,the suggestions for rational protection and development and utilization of wild resources in the province are proposed.