普通培养基与优化培养基对防城港海域真菌分离效果的影响

Effects of Common Medium and Optimized Medium on Fungal Isolation and Diversity in Fangchenggang Sea Area

关键词:  海洋真菌  培养基  抑制剂  分离效果  Simpson指数  Jaccard系数  多样性  选择性

Key words:  marine fungi  medium  inhibitors  isolation effect  Simpson index  Jaccard index  diversity  selectivity

摘要:

为建立北部湾海域真菌样品库，研究海洋真菌次生代谢产物及其生物活性，以广西防城港海域海泥为样本，采用普通培养基与含有不同抑制剂的优化培养基，对比研究不同培养基分离效果，为海洋真菌培养提取优化提供方法。样品经无菌水处理后，分别用上述不同培养基进行分离纯化，再将提取到的DNA与NCBI数据库配对进行种属鉴定。用相对多度描述样品真菌组成，用Simpson指数与Jaccard系数描述各种实验培养基对海洋真菌分离结果的均衡性与选择性。共分离并鉴定菌株107株，归属于23属，优势菌属依次为青霉属Penicillium、枝孢菌属Cladosporium、曲霉属Aspergillus。Simpson指数和Jaccard系数显示，SA、MD普通培养基，含青霉素、青霉素+庆大霉素的MD优化培养基，以及含青霉素、孟加拉红的PDA培养基均具有较好的分离效果。总体来看，PA培养基对囊担菌属Cystobasidium分离效果最好，YPDA培养基对枝孢属分离效果最好。含青霉素+氯霉素的MD优化培养基对篮状菌属Talaramyces的分离效果最好，含孟加拉红的PDA优化培养基对曲霉属分离效果最好。实验表明，不同培养基及抑制剂对海洋真菌的选择性不同，建议在分离纯化海洋真菌时选择合理的培养基及抑制剂以提高分离效果。本文为研究海洋真菌次生代谢产物及其生物活性提供了菌种，也为分离、纯化和鉴定海洋真菌提供了参考。

Abstract:

To establish a sample library of fungi in Beibu Gulf and study the secondary metabolites of marine fungi and their biological activities,the marine mud from Fangchenggang sea area in Guangxi was used as a sample.The common medium and optimized medium containing different inhibitors were used to compare the equilibrium and selectivity of different medium,which provided a cultivation and extraction method for the optimization of marine fungi.After the samples were treated with sterile water,they were separated and purified with the above different medium respectively,and then the extracted DNA were paired with the NCBI database for species identification.The relative abundance was used to describe the fungal composition of the samples,and the Simpson index and Jaccard coefficient were used to describe the equilibrium and selectivity of various experimental medium for the separation of marine fungi.A total of 107 strains were isolated and identified,which belonged to 23 genera.The dominant genera were Penicillium,Cladosporium and Aspergillus. Simpson index and Jaccard coefficient showed that SA and MD common medium,MD optimized medium containing penicillin,penicillin + gentamicin,and PDA medium containing penicillin and Bengal red had good diversity and equilibrium of separation effect.In general,PA medium had the best separation effect on Cystobasidium, and YPDA medium had the best separation effect on Cladosporium.MD optimized medium containing penicillin and chloramphenicol had the best separation effect on Talaramyces, and PDA optimized medium containing Bengal Red had the best separation effect on Aspergillus. Experiments showed that different media and inhibitors had different selectivity to marine fungi.It is suggested to select reasonable media and inhibitors to improve the separation effect when separating and purifying marine fungi.This article provides strains for studying the secondary metabolites of marine fungi and their biological activities,and also provides a reference for the isolation,purification and identification of marine fungi.