染色体结构维持蛋白Smc5/6复合体的结构与功能

Structure and Function of the Structure Maintenance of Chromosome (Smc5/6) Complex

关键词:  DNA损伤  Smc5/6复合体  基因组不稳定性  DNA修复  染色体

Key words:  DNA damage  Smc5/6 complex  genome instability  DNA repair  chromosome

摘要:

真核生物基因组DNA主要以染色体的形式存在于细胞核中，染色体结构的稳定及其动态变化对于真核生物遗传信息从亲代到子代中的准确传递和维持细胞的正常功能是必不可少的。染色体结构维持蛋白（Structure Maintenance of Chromosome，Smc）在染色体结构维持及DNA损伤修复方面发挥着关键性的作用。Smc蛋白家族包括3类：黏连蛋白（Cohesin）、凝缩蛋白（Condesin）和Smc5/6复合体（Smc5/6 complex）。Smc5/6复合体在真核生物中分布广泛且高度保守，在DNA损伤同源重组修复、DNA复制、端粒长度维持及胚胎发育中发挥重要作用。本文系统介绍了Smc5/6复合体结构特征和生物学功能领域的相关进展，为深入研究Smc5/6复合体提供理论参考。

Abstract:

Eukaryotic genomic DNA mainly exists in the nucleus in the form of chromosomes.The stability and dynamic changes of chromosome structure are essential for the maintenance of the normal function of cells,as well as the accurate transmission of genetic information from parental generation to offspring.Structural maintenance of chromosomes (Smc) plays a key role in chromosomal structure maintenance and DNA damage repair.Smc protein family includes three categories:Cohesin,Condesin and Smc5/6 complex.Smc5/6 complex is widely distributed and highly conserved in eukaryotes,and plays an important role in DNA damage homologous recombination repair,DNA replication,telomere length maintenance and embryo development.This review systematically introduces the relevant progress on the structural characteristics and biological functions of Smc5/6 complex,aiming to provide a theoretical reference for in-depth study of Smc5/6 complex.