我国沿海8个地理群体缢蛏的表型性状对质量性状的影响

Effects of Phenotypic Traits on Quality Traits of Sinonovacula constricta in 8 Coastal Geographic Populations of China

关键词:  缢蛏  表型性状  不同地理群体  相关分析  通径分析  多元回归分析

Key words:  Sinonovacula constricta   phenotypic traits  different geographical groups  correlation analysis  path analysis  multiple regression analysis

摘要:

为了探讨不同地理群体缢蛏（Sinonovacula constricta）各表型性状对活体质量与软体质量的影响，本研究以辽宁丹东、辽宁庄河、河北秦皇岛、山东沙子口、江苏连云港、浙江象山、福建厦门、广东惠州等8个地理群体缢蛏为研究对象，分别测量各群体的壳高、壳长、壳宽、活体质量和软体质量，采用相关分析和通径分析计算各表型性状分别对活体质量和软体质量的通径系数、决定系数。试验结果表明，不同地理群体各性状之间的相关系数均达到显著水平（P<0.05）；决定系数分析表明，不同地理群体缢蛏影响活体质量与软体质量的表型性状有所不同：辽宁丹东、河北秦皇岛和江苏连云港群体直接影响缢蛏活体质量最大的表型性状是壳高，辽宁庄河、山东沙子口和浙江象山群体的是壳宽，福建厦门和广东惠州群体的是壳长；辽宁丹东、辽宁庄河、河北秦皇岛、浙江象山和广东惠州群体直接影响缢蛏软体质量最大的表型性状是壳长，山东沙子口、江苏连云港和福建厦门群体的是壳高。剔除通径系数检验不显著的自变量，采用逐步回归的方法，建立不同地理群体缢蛏表型性状对活体质量与软体质量的最优回归方程，结果表明回归关系均达到了极显著水平（P<0.01）。该研究结果可为缢蛏的实际选育提供一定的理论参考。

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of phenotypic traits on living body weight and soft body weight of Sinonovacula constricta in different geographic populations, in this study, eight geographic populations of Sinonovacula constricta, including Dandong(Liaoning), Zhuanghe (Liaoning), Qinhuangdao (Hebei), Shazikou (Shandong), Lianyungang (Jiangsu), Xiangshan (Zhejiang), Xiamen (Fujian) and Huizhou (Guangdong), were selected as the research objects. The shell height, shell length, shell width, living body weight and soft body weight of each population were measured. Correlation analysis and path analysis were used to calculate the path coefficient and determination coefficient of each phenotypic trait to living body quality and soft body quality, respectively. The results showed that the correlation coefficients between the traits of different geographical groups were significant (P<0.05). Determinant coefficient analysis showed that different geographical populations of S.constricta had different effects on phenotypic traits of living body weight and soft body weight. The largest phenotypic trait directly affecting the living quality of S.constricta was shell height in Dandong of Liaoning, Qinhuangdao of Hebei and Lianyungang of Jiangsu, shell width in Zhuanghe of Liaoning, Shazikou of Shandong and Xiangshan of Zhejiang, shell length in Xiamen of Fujian and Huizhou of Guangdong. The largest phenotypic traits directly affecting the soft weight of S.constricta were shell length in Dandong, Zhuanghe, Qinhuangdao, Xiangshan and Huizhou populations, and shell height in Shazikou, Lianyungang and Xiamen. Excluding independent variables that are not apparent in path coefficient test, the optimal regression equation of phenotypic traits of S.constricta in different geographical populations on living body quality and soft body quality was established by stepwise regression method. The results showed that the regression relationship reached extremely significant level (P<0.01). The results of this study can provide a theoretical reference for the selection and breeding of S.constricta in practice.