始兴县将军栋自然保护区植物群落分布格局及其与环境因子的关系

The Distribution Patterns of Plant Communities and Their Relationship with Environmental Factors in Jiangjundong Nature Reserve, Shixing County

关键词:  群丛  环境因子  分布格局  相关性分析  始兴将军栋自然保护区

Key words:  community  environmental factors  distribution pattern  correlation analysis  Jiangjundong Nature Reserve, Shixing County

摘要:

深入探究自然保护区植物群落的分布格局及其与环境因子的关系对于理解生物多样性的维持机制具有重要意义。本研究以始兴县将军栋自然保护区（以下简称始兴将军栋保护区）内16个400 m²样方作为基本研究单元，利用野外物种调查数据，同时结合环境因子，采用层次聚类分析和冗余分析方法对样方进行分类，并解释群落与环境因子之间的关系。研究结果如下：在6 400 m²的样方内，记录到406种维管束植物，分属于101科228属；通过层次聚类分析，可将16个样方划分为5个群丛；冗余分析结果显示，环境因子对群丛分布的解释量为46.07%；其中，海拔、年平均气温、年平均降水量与群落分布格局呈显著相关（P<0.01），海拔对群落分布格局的影响最为显著，地形、坡度、坡向和腐殖质厚度与群落分布格局之间的相关性不显著（P>0.05）；5个群丛中，群丛Ⅰ[浙江润楠-鼠刺-狗脊（Machilus chekiangensis-Itea chinensis-Woodwardia japonica）]的Shannon-Winener指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数最高。本研究结果表明，始兴将军栋保护区的植物群落分布格局主要受海拔的影响，而气候因子是影响物种多样性的关键因素。

Abstract:

A comprehensive exploration of the distribution patterns of plant communities in natural reserves and their relationship with environmental factors is of significant importance in understanding the mechanisms supporting biodiversity.This study utilized 16 400 m² sample plots within the Jiangjundong Nature Reserve, Shixing County as the fundamental research units.It employed field survey data of species and incorporated environmental factors. Hierarchical clustering analysis and redundancy analysis were conducted to classify the sample plots and elucidate the relationship between communities and environmental factors.The findings are as follows:Within the 6 400 m² sample plots, a total of 406 vascular plant species were recorded, encompassing 101 families and 228 genera;Hierarchical clustering analysis grouped the 16 sample plots into 5 clusters;The redundancy analysis revealed that environmental factors accounted for 46.07% of the variance in cluster distribution;Specifically, elevation, mean annual temperature, and mean annual precipitation exhibited significant correlations (P<0.01) with the community distribution pattern, with elevation notably influencing cluster distribution;However, terrain, slope, aspect, and organic matter depth showed non-significant correlations (P>0.05) with community distribution patterns;Among the 5 clusters, Cluster Ⅰ (Machilus chekiangensis-Itea chinensis-Woodwardia japonica) exhibited the highest Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, and Pielou index.The results of this study demonstrate that the distribution pattern of plant communities in Jiangjundong Nature Reserve, Shixing County is primarily influenced by elevation, while climate factors are key determinants affecting species diversity.