海洋石油单点系泊系统外检测技术及工程应用

External Detection Method and Engineering Application of Offshore Oil Single Point Mooring System

关键词:  单点系泊系统  外探测技术  海底地形地貌  海底输油管道

Key words:  single point mooring system  external detection technology  seabed topography  submarine oil pipeline

摘要:

海洋石油单点系泊(Single Point Mooring,SPM)系统被广泛应用于海洋油气田开发，是海上石油运输的中转终端，采用合理的检测方案以保障其安全性是海洋石油工程领域备受关注的问题。声学探测、目视检测是常用的单点系泊系统外检测技术。本研究基于EdgeTech 6205组合式双频侧扫声呐与条带式多波束测深系统、Innomar SES 2000参量阵浅地层剖面仪、国产FIFISH PRO W6 水下机器人等调查装备，介绍了声学探测技术和目视检测技术在国内某单点系泊系统外检测中的应用实例。探测结果表明，该单点系泊区域地形整体平坦，局部受侵蚀冲刷影响，区域内有6条锚链沟发育，锚链沟深度为1.0-4.5 m，锚链摆动小，浮筒稳定性较好；管道埋藏类型分为完全埋藏型、浅埋藏型、裸露型3类。通过综合分析对比，查明了锚链被大量生物附着、腐蚀速度加快的具体位置，提出了定期进行防腐蚀除锈维护的有效建议。

Abstract:

The Single Point Mooring (SPM) system of marine oil is widely used in the development of offshore oil-gas fields and serves as a transfer terminal for offshore petroleum transportation.Ensuring the system safety by adopting a reasonable detection scheme attracts increasing attention in petroleum engineering.Acoustic detection and visual detection are commonly used external detection technologies of the single point mooring system.This paper presents the applications of acoustic detection and visual detection in the external detection of single point mooring systems with EdgeTech 6205 dual-frequency side scan sonar with trip multibeam system,Innomar SES 2000 parametric sub-bottom profiler,and FIFISH PRO W6 underwater robot made in China.The detection results showed that the topography of the single point mooring area was generally flat.Under the influences of erosion and abrasion,there were six anchor chain trenches developed within the area,which showed the depths ranging within 1.0-4.5 m,minimal swing of anchor chains,and good stability of the buoy.The buried pipelines can be classified into three categories:completely buried,shallowly buried,and exposed.The comprehensive analysis and comparison located the position where anchor chains were heavily attached by marine organisms and demonstrated accelerated corrosion.Finally,recommendations for periodic corrosion treatment and rust removal were proposed.