甜菜树苗木光合色素和生理特性对施肥的响应

Responses of photosynthetic pigments and Physiological characteristics of Yunnanopilia longistaminea seedings to fertilization

关键词:  甜菜树  光合色素  生理特性  有机肥  缓释肥  磷肥

Key words:  Yunnanopilia longistaminea  photosynthetic pigments  physiological characteristics  organic fertilizer  slow-released fertilizer  phosphorus fertilizer

摘要:

【目的】为了解甜菜树苗木光合色素含量和生理特性─丙二醛(MDA)含量及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性)对有机肥、缓释肥和磷肥配施的影响,以期为培育优质甜菜树苗木的生产实践提供参考。【方法】试验采用正交试验设计L16(45)开展有机肥、缓释肥和磷肥的3因素4水平研究。【结果】苗龄300 d时,处理组合的单株苗木的根、干、叶和全株生物量分别为0.46~1.14、0.12~0.20、0.18~0.47、0.77~1.57 g；叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量分别为0.86~1.92、0.34~0.89、1.21~2.81和0.17~0.48 mg/g；MDA含量和CAT活性分别为4.8~41.0 umol/gFW、88.1~187.9 U/gFW；不施肥处理组合的上述指标均最低；处理组合间苗木生物量、光合色素和MDA含量及CAT活性均具有极显著(P<0.01)差异。缓释肥和磷肥的交互作用是影响光合色素含量的主导因子,其次是有机肥；同时,有机肥和磷肥分别是影响MDA含量和CAT活性的主导因子。2.00g/株有机肥和0.25~0.50 g/株磷肥配施可有效地促进光合色素合成,降低MDA含量,提高CAT活性。【结论】甜菜树苗木对化学肥料耐性较低,更偏好有机肥,苗木培育需以有机肥为主,配施少量化学肥料(磷肥和钾肥),可作为生产实践中甜菜树壮苗培育的科学依据。

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study investigated the effects of organic fertilizer(OF), slow-released fertilizer(SRF) and phosphorus fertilizer(PF) application on photosynthetic pigment content and physiological characteristics which malondialdehyde (MDA) content and catalase (CAT) activity of Yunnanopilia longistaminea seedings to provide reference for cultivating robust seedlings in production practice. 【Method】The orthogonal experiment design L16(45) was employed to implement the trial of three factors, i.e., OF, SRF and PF, with each factor containing four levels. 【Result】The results showed that the biomass of root, stem, leaf and whole seedlings in the treatment combinations(TCs) was 0.46–1.14g, 0.12–0.20g, 0.18–0.47g and 0.77–1.57g per seedling, respectively, for 300d-old seedlings. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids were 0.86–1.92mg/g, 0.34–0.89mg/g, 1.21–2.81mg/g and 0.17–0.48mg/g, respectively. The content of MDA and CAT activity were 4.8–41.0umol/gFW, 88.1–187.9U/gFW, respectively. All of the above indicators were the lowest in no-fertilizer TC. There were significant differences(P<0.01) in the biomass, the content of photosynthetic pigments and MDA, and CAT activity among the TCs. The interaction of SRF and PF was the dominant factor of the photosynthetic pigments content, followed by organic fertilizer; meanwhile, OF and PF were the dominant factors of the MDA content and CAT activity, respectively. The combined application of 2.00g OF and 0.25–0.50g PF per seeding can effectively promote photosynthetic pigment synthesis, reduce MDA content and increase CAT activity.【Conclusion】Tolerance of chemical fertilizer is lower for Y. longistaminea seedings, and preferring OF, the seedlings cultivation requires OF-based, with a small amount of chemical fertilizers (PF and potash fertilizer), and could be used as a scientific reference for the cultivation of Y. longistaminea seedlings in production practice.