基于微卫星标记的小花老鼠簕遗传多样性研究

Genetic Diversity of Acanthus ebracteatus Based on Microsatellite Markers

关键词:  小花老鼠簕  微卫星  遗传多样性  种群特征  保护策略

Key words:  Acanthus ebracteatus  microsatellite  genetic diversity  population characteristics  conservation strategies

摘要:

为探究导致小花老鼠簕(Acanthus ebracteatus)濒危的原因，本研究通过荧光标记毛细管电泳检测方法，筛选出9个多态性微卫星位点对小花老鼠簕的4个群体进行遗传多样性研究。结果表明：9个多态性微卫星位点在4个群体中共检测到61个等位基因，平均每个位点6.778个，多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.589。群体平均等位基因为3.167，观测杂合度(Ho)和期望杂合度(He)的平均值分别为0.396和0.442。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果显示，4个小花老鼠簕群体间变异为36%，群体内变异为64%，遗传变异主要来自群体内不同的个体间。聚类分析和主成分分析(Principal Co-ordinates Analysis,PCoA)结果具有一致性，4个群体被分为两大类，广东广州单独聚为一类，广东湛江、广西防城港和海南文昌聚为一类。4个群体均具有较高的遗传多样性，分类结果与各群体地理位置分布基本一致。小花老鼠簕濒危并非遗传多样性低引起，可能是人类活动、繁育以及病虫害等导致的。本研究为小花老鼠簕的保护及开发利用提供理论依据。

Abstract:

Nine polymorphic microsatellite loci were selected to study the genetic diversity of 4 populations of Acanthus ebracteatus,and the endangerment causes of A.ebracteatuswere identified.The results showed that 61 alleles were detected at 9 polymorphic microsatellite loci in 4 populations,with an average of 6.778 alleles per locus and the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) of 0.589.The mean number of alleles per population was 3.167,and the mean observed Heterozygosity (Ho) and expected Heterozygosity (He) were 0.396 and 0.442,respectively.The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 36% and 64% of genetic variation were among and within populations,respectively,which indicated that the genetic variation mainly came from different individuals within populations.The results of cluster analysis and Principal Co- ordinates Analysis (PCoA) were consistent.The four populations were classified into two groups.The population from Guangzhou,Guangdong was clustered into one group,while those from Zhanjiang,Guangdong,Fangchenggang,Guangxi and Wenchang,Hainan were clustered into the other group.The four populations had rich genetic diversity,and the clustering results were consistent with the geographical distribution of each population.The endangerment of A.ebracteatusmay be caused by human activities,breeding,diseases and insect pests rather than the low genetic diversity.This study provides a theoretical basis for the conservation,development and utilization of A.ebracteatus.