盆栽和地栽对杜鹃兰根部内生真菌多样性的影响

Effects of Pot and Field Planting on Endophytic Fungal Diversity in Roots of Cremastra appendiculata

关键词:  杜鹃兰  盆栽  地栽  兰科菌根真菌  真菌多样性

Key words:  Cremastra appendiculata  potted cultivation  field cultivation  orchid mycorrhizal fungi  fungal diversity

摘要:

为探究栽培方式对杜鹃兰根部内生真菌多样性的影响，该研究采用高通量测序技术对盆栽和地栽两种方式杜鹃兰的根部内生真菌ITS区进行测序分析。结果表明：（1）盆栽杜鹃兰根部内生真菌的丰富度显著降低、多样性升高，而地栽杜鹃兰根部内生真菌的多样性显著降低；两种栽培方式根部内生真菌的丰富度和多样性的变化差异显著。（2）杜鹃兰根部内生真菌优势门类均为子囊菌门（Ascomycota）、被孢霉门（Mortierellomycota）和担子菌门（Basidiomycota）；在属水平上，盆栽以新赤壳属（Neocosmospora）、木霉属（Trichoderma）和unclassified-k-Fungi为优势属，地栽以星裂盘菌属（Phacidium）、被孢霉属（Mortierella）和外瓶霉属（Exophiala）为优势属。（3）PCoA（Principal co-ordinates analysis）分析显示盆栽和地栽根部内生真菌群落组成差异显著。（4）线性判别分析（Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size）显示移栽前杜鹃兰根部内生真菌具有更高的特异性、丰富性和多样性，而盆栽和地栽后也在根部形成了特异性的真菌群落。（5）两种栽培方式各功能群真菌所占丰度不同，盆栽以未定义腐生真菌为优势功能群（46.20%），地栽以植物病原菌（23.3%）和未定义腐生真菌（22.63%）为优势功能群。本研究初步探明了盆栽和地栽对杜鹃兰根部内生真菌群落组成结构和多样性的不同影响，为进一步保护和开发利用杜鹃兰提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of cultivation methods on the diversity of endophytic fungi in the roots of Cremastra appendiculata, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the ITS region of endophytic fungi in the roots of C. appendiculata in both potted and field cultivation methods. The results showed that: (1) the abundance of endophytic fungi in the roots of potted C. appendiculata decreased significantly, while the diversity increased. The diversity of endophytic fungi in the roots of field cultivation decreased significantly. There were significant differences in the abundance and diversity of endophytic fungi between the two cultivation methods. (2) The dominant endophytic fungi in the roots of C. appendiculata were Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota. At the genus level, Neocosmospora, Trichoderma and unclassified-k-Fungi were the dominant genera in potted plants. However, Phacidium, Mortierella and Exophiala were the dominant genera in field cultivation. (3) The results of Principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) showed that there were significant differences in the composition of endophytic fungi community between potted and field cultivation methods. (4)The results of Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size showed that endophytic fungi had higher specificity, richness and diversity in the roots before transplantation, and specific fungal communities were also formed in the roots after potted and field planting.(5)The abundance of fungi in each functional group was different between the two cultivation methods. In potted culture, undefined saprophytic fungi were dominant functional group (46.20%), while in ground cultivation, plant pathogens (23.3%) and undefined saprophytic fungi (22.63%) were dominant functional group. In conclusion, there were different effects on endophytic fungal community structure and diversity of C. appendiculata root in potted and field cultivation methods. This study preliminarily identified the different effects of pot and field cultivation on endophytic fungal community structure and diversity in the roots of C. appendiculata in, which provided a theoretical basis for further protection, development and utilization of C. appendiculata.