无人机松材线虫病疫区监测的适宜航高研究

A study on the suitable flight altitude of UAV for monitoring pine wood nematode infected areas

关键词:  松材线虫病  监测  无人机  航高

Key words:  pine wood nematode  monitoring  UAV  flight altitude

摘要:

为探寻一个高效、准确、贴近实际工作情况的广西松材线虫疫区无人机监测的适宜航高，以应用最多的 DJI Phantom 4 系列与 DJI Mavic 3系列无人机对同一区域分别以100 m、300 m、500m三种不同航高进行数据采集，并以人工判读对影像中的枯死松木进行识别，通过对比不同飞行高度下不同无人机作业效率与枯死松木识别的准确率对不同数据采集方案进行评价。结果表明，100 m航高下两款无人机的识别准确率最高，分别为92.73%（DJI Phantom 4 系列）与96.23%（DJI Mavic 3系列），但作业效率最低，分别为73.97 hm2/h（DJI Phantom 4 系列）与112.87 hm2/h（DJI Mavic 3系列）；500 m航高下两款无人机的作业效率最高，分别为333.31 hm2/h（DJI Phantom 4 系列）与555.51 hm2/h（DJI Mavic 3系列），但识别准确率最低，分别为66.23%（DJI Phantom 4 系列）与71.83%（DJI Mavic 3系列）；300 m航高下的作业效率分别为180.45 hm2/h（DJI Phantom 4 系列）与349.77 hm2/h（DJI Mavic 3系列），识别精度分别为76.12%（DJI Phantom 4 系列）与89.47%（DJI Mavic 3系列），位于100 m航高与500 m航高中间。因此，得出如下结论：1. 300 m航高是最适宜广西大范围松材线虫病疫区监测的无人机航高；2. 在同一航摄设备情况下，航高升高降低了影像分辨率，导致识别准确率降低；3. DJI Mavic 3系列无人机在广西松材线虫病疫区监测工作中的表现优于DJI Phantom 4 系列无人机。

Abstract:

In order to explore a suitable altitude for UAV monitoring of pine wood nematode infected areas in Guangxi, accurate and close to the actual working situation, the most used DJI Phantom 4 series and DJI Mavic 3 series UAVs were used to collect data from the same study area at three different altitudes of 100 m, 300 m, and 500 m, respectively, and manually interpreted to identify dead pine trees in the images, and evaluated different data collection schemes by comparing the operational efficiency and accuracy of dead pine trees identification under different flight altitudes. Different data collection schemes were evaluated by comparing the operational efficiency of different UAVs at different flight altitudes and the accuracy of dead pine tree identification. The results show that the two UAVs at 100 m altitude have the highest recognition accuracy of 92.73% (DJI Phantom 4 series) and 96.23% (DJI Mavic 3 series), but the lowest operational efficiency of 73.97 hm2/h (DJI Phantom 4 series) and 112.87 hm2/h (DJI Mavic 3 series), while at 500 m altitude, the UAVs at 500 m altitude can identify dead pine trees in the images. The two drones at 500 m altitude have the highest operational efficiency of 333.31 hm2/h (DJI Phantom 4 series) and 555.51 hm2/h (DJI Mavic 3 series), but the lowest recognition accuracy of 66.23% (DJI Phantom 4 series) and 71.83% (DJI Mavic 3 series), while the 300 m altitude has the lowest recognition accuracy of 66.23% and 71.83%, respectively.The operational efficiency at 300 m altitude is 180.45 hm2/h (DJI Phantom 4 series) and 349.77 hm2/h (DJI Mavic 3 series), and the recognition accuracy is 76.12% (DJI Phantom 4 series) and 89.47% (DJI Mavic 3 series), which are in the middle of the range between 100 m altitude and 500 m altitude. 500 m altitude. Therefore, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. 300 m altitude is the most suitable altitude for UAVs to monitor the large-scale pine wood nematode infected areas in Guangxi; 2. In the case of the same aerial camera, the higher altitude reduces the resolution of the images, resulting in a lower recognition accuracy; 3. The DJI Mavic 3 series of UAVs performed better than the DJI Phantom 4 series of UAVs in the monitoring of pine wood nematode infected areas in Guangxi. UAVs.