LNG接收站取水口海水微型浮游动植物群落特征*

Characteristics of Micro-zooplankton and Phytoplankton Communities in the Seawater Intakes of LNG Terminal Stations

关键词:  LNG接收站  微型浮游动物  浮游植物  群落特征  生物污损

Key words:  LNG terminal station  micro-zooplankton  phytoplankton  community characteristics  bio-fouling

摘要:

LNG接收站海水取水系统常出现海洋生物污损甚至堵塞等问题,作为海洋生态系统重要组成部分的微型浮游动物和浮游植物,研究其群落组成特征,有助于理解和防控海水取水系统的这些问题。本研究采用eDNA元条形码测序结合多种统计方法,研究了北海(B)、青岛(Q)、天津(T)和舟山(Z)LNG接收站取水口海水微型浮游动植物群落特征。结果表明,4个LNG接收站取水口海水微型浮游动物和浮游植物在群落组成上存在显著差异,但是α多样性均在Z较高,而丰富度均在T较高；微型浮游动物主要以纤毛虫和丝足虫为主,其中,B和Z的优势物种主要属于纤毛虫,T和Q的优势物种则主要属于丝足虫；浮游植物群落以硅藻门和甲藻门为主,T、Q和Z的硅藻门相对丰度均最高,B的甲藻门的相对丰度最高,属水平上,B和Q最优势的属分别为骨条藻属(Skeletonema)和角毛藻属(Chaetoceros),T和Z最优势的属均为海链藻属(Thalassiosira)；相关性分析表明,4个LNG接收站海水取水口海水微型浮游动植物群落组成主要与pH、DO和温度相关。研究结果可为LNG接收站运行管理提供一定参考。

Abstract:

Problems such as marine bio-fouling and even blockage often occur in the seawater intake systems of LNG terminal station. Micro-zooplankton and phytoplankton, as important components of the marine ecosystem, researching their community composition characteristics is helpful for understanding and preventing these problems in seawater intake systems. In this study, eDNA metabarcoding sequencing combined with multiple statistical methods was used to study the characteristics of micro-zooplankton and phytoplankton communities in the seawater at the intakes of LNG terminal station in the city of Beihai (B), Qingdao (Q), Tianjin (T) and Zhoushan (Z).The results indicate that there are significant differences in the community compositions of micro-zooplankton and phytoplankton in the seawater at the intakes of the four LNG terminal station. However, the α-diversity is relatively high in Z, while the species richness is relatively high in T. Micro-zooplankton are mainly ciliates and cercozoans, and the dominant species in B and Z are mainly ciliates, while the dominant species in T and Q are mainly cercozoans. The phytoplankton communities are mainly composed of Bacillariophyta and Dinophyta, and the relative abundances of Bacillariophyta are the highest in T, Q and Z, while the relative abundance of Dinophyta is the highest in B. At the genus level, the most dominant genera in B and Q are Skeletonema) and Chaetoceros respectively, and the most dominant genus in both T and Z is Thalassiosira. Correlation analysis shows that the compositions of micro-zooplankton and phytoplankton communities in the seawater at the four LNG terminal station seawater intakes are mainly related to pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature. The research results can provide certain references for the operation and management of LNG terminal station.