卡罗琳平顶海山地形复杂度定量分析

Quantitative Analysis of Terrain Complexity of the Caroline Guyot

关键词:  地形复杂度，特征因子，变异系数，平顶海山，地貌特征

Key words:  Terrain complexity, feature factors, coefficient of variation, guyot, geomorphological features

摘要:

地形复杂度是描述地形变化的综合指标，是地形分析的重要参数。本文基于西太平洋卡罗琳海域某座平顶海山的多波束测深数据，通过计算地形因子之间的相关性和因子重要度，选取了5种地形因子作为构建地形复杂度模型的参数；使用变异系数法确定各因子权重，通过加权融合的方式，计算该海山区域的综合复杂度指数，定量分析了地形复杂度和地貌特征。结果表明，陡崖处综合复杂度指数高于6.54，是整个研究区复杂度指数最高的区域，山脊、山坡等区域的综合复杂度指数均大于3.69，冲沟的综合复杂度指数范围为2.21至3.69，非山体部分的海底平原综合复杂度指数小于2.21。综合复杂度指数与海山的地貌特征呈现出一定的相关性，可作为划分海山不同地貌类型边界的依据。海山区域的沉积模式会受到地形坡度的制约，综合复杂度指数以量化的形式描述地形起伏程度，对沉积物的空间分布研究具有指示性作用。

Abstract:

Terrain complexity is a comprehensive indicator used to describe terrain variation and serves as an important parameter in terrain analysis. Based on multibeam bathymetric data of a flat-topped seamount in the Caroline Sea area of the western Pacific, this study calculated the correlation and importance of terrain factors, selecting five terrain factors as parameters for constructing a terrain complexity model. The coefficient of variation method was used to determine the weights of each factor, and a weighted fusion approach was applied to calculate the comprehensive complexity index for the seamount region. This provided a quantitative analysis of terrain complexity and geomorphological features. The results indicate that the comprehensive complexity index is highest (>6.54) in steep cliff areas, while regions such as ridges and slopes have indices greater than 3.69. The index for gullies ranges from 2.21 to 3.69, and the seabed plains in non-mountainous areas have an index of less than 2.21. The comprehensive complexity index shows a significant correlation with the geomorphological features of the guyot, which can serve as a basis for delineating the boundaries of different geomorphological types of guyot. The sedimentation patterns in guyot areas are constrained by the topographical gradient, with the integrated complexity index quantitatively describing the degree of topographical undulation, thus playing an indicative role in the study of the spatial distribution of sediments.