LNG接收站取水口海水微型浮游动物和浮游植物群落特征

Characteristics of Micro-zooplankton and Phytoplankton Communities in the Seawater Intakes of LNG Terminal Stations

关键词:  LNG接收站  微型浮游动物  浮游植物  群落特征  生物污损

Key words:  LNG terminal station  micro-zooplankton  phytoplankton  community characteristics  bio-fouling

摘要:

液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas，LNG)接收站海水取水系统常出现海洋生物污损甚至堵塞等问题，微型浮游动物和浮游植物作为海洋生态系统重要组成部分，研究其群落组成特征，有助于深入理解和有效防控这些难题。本研究采用环境DNA(eDNA)元条形码测序结合多种统计方法，研究北海(B)、舟山(Z)、青岛(Q)和天津(T) 4个LNG接收站取水口海水微型浮游动物和浮游植物群落特征。结果表明，4个LNG接收站取水口海水微型浮游动物和浮游植物在群落组成上存在显著差异，但是Alpha多样性均在Z采样点较高，而丰富度均在T采样点较高。微型浮游动物主要为Thecofilosea、Imbricatea、Intramacronucleata和丝足虫门(Cercozoa)，其中，B采样点的优势物种主要属于Intramacronucleata，Z、Q 和 T 采样点的优势物种则较均匀地分布于这些门类。浮游植物群落以硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)和甲藻门(Pyrrophyta)为主，B采样点甲藻门的相对丰度最高，Z、Q和T采样点硅藻门的相对丰度均最高;属水平上，B和Q采样点最优势的属分别为骨条藻属(Skeletonema)和角毛藻属(Chaetoceros)，Z和T采样点最优势的属均为海链藻属(Thalassiosira)。典型相关分析表明，4个LNG接收站取水口海水微型浮游动物和浮游植物群落组成主要与pH值、溶解氧(DO)和温度(T)相关。本研究结果可为LNG接收站运行管理提供一定参考。

Abstract:

Problems such as marine bio-fouling and even blockage often occur in the seawater intakes of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) terminal stations.Micro-zooplankton and phytoplankton are important components of the marine ecosystem,and the research on their community composition characteristics is helpful for understanding and preventing these problems.Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding sequencing combined with multiple statistical methods was used to study the characteristics of micro-zooplankton and phytoplankton communities in the seawater at the intakes of LNG terminal stations in Beihai (B),Qingdao (Q),Tianjin (T),and Zhoushan (Z).The results indicated that there were significant differences in the community compositions of micro-zooplankton and phytoplankton in the seawater at the four seawater intakes of LNG terminal stations.The alpha-diversity was higher at Z,while the species richness was higher at T.Micro-zooplankton were dominated by Thecofilosea,Imbricatea,Intramacronucleata and cerozoa.The dominant species at B mainly belonged to Intramacronucleata,while the dominant species at Z,T,and Q showed even distribution in the four phyla.The phytoplankton communities were mainly composed of Bacillariophyta and Pyrrophyta.The relative abundance of Bacillariophyta was the highest at T,Q,and Z,while that of Pyrrophyta was the highest at B.The most dominant genera at B and Q were Skeletonema and Chaetoceros,respectively,and the most dominant genus at both T and Z was Thalassiosira.The canonical correlation analysis showed that the composition of micro-zooplankton and phytoplankton communities in the seawater at the four seawater intakes of LNG terminal stations was mainly related to pH value,Dissolved Oxygen (DO),and temperature (T).The research results can provide references for the operation and management of LNG terminal stations.