中国龙虾亲虾培育试验

Laboratory Culture of Parental Panulirus stimpsoni (Holthuis)

关键词:  中国龙虾  繁殖  水温  饵料  病害

Key words:  Panulirus stimpsoni  reproduction  temperature  food  disease

摘要:

在100 L水缸中进行中国龙虾[Panulirusstim psoni(Holthuis)]亲虾培育试验。亲虾按2雌1雄放养,充气,投喂虾类、贝类、鱼类等活鲜饵料。结果表明,中国龙虾嗜好活饵,也食鲜饵,不食粤海牌对虾料,最爱吃虾类。致死水温为11℃以下,12℃~13℃冻僵,14℃~15℃反应迟钝,16℃~17℃恢复摄食,18℃~30℃进行正常的生理活动,31℃以上易患病死亡。繁殖季节为2月~10月。当水温升到18℃以上,雌雄拥抱交配,20℃以上开始产卵及抱卵,26℃以上孵化出叶状幼体。胚胎发育适宜温度为23℃~30℃。共培育出6尾雌虾产卵并孵化出叶状幼体。其中2尾雌虾1年繁殖3次,3尾1年繁殖2次,1尾1年繁殖1次。病害是困扰亲虾培育的重要因素。

Abstract:

Two females and one male with 60 mm~80 mm carapace length were cultured in each 100 L water vat with aeration.The lobsters were fed with fresh baits such as shrimps, fishes and mussels.P. stimpsoni didn't accept the Yuehai shrimp feeds,preferred the fresh baits;the shrimps is the most favorable. P.stimpsoni has a lethal water temperature at below 11℃,the benumbed condition at 12℃~13℃, the dull condition at 14℃~15℃,commencement of feedding activity at 16℃~17℃,the usual condition for physiological activity at 18℃~30℃, easy catching disease at above 31℃.The breeding season ranged from February to October. The mating temperature was at above 18℃, the spawning and oogenesis at above 20℃, the phyllosoma larvas were hatched at above 26℃,the embryonic development temperature was at 23℃~30℃.Six females spawned and hatched phyllosoma larvas.Among them two females spawned 3 times, three spawned 2 times, one spawned 1 time in a year.Catching diseases were the primary factor to trouble culture of the lobster.