铁线子生物学特性及繁殖试验研究

Study on the Morphological Characteristics and Germination of Manilkara hexandra

关键词:  铁线子  种子  繁殖

Key words:  Manilkara hexandra  seed  propagation

摘要:

[目的]研究铁线子(Manilkara hexandra)树种的生物学特性,并确定其繁殖方法,为保护恢复和利用铁线子提供科学依据。[方法]2010年3月至2012年3月连续2年,每月定期对铁线子实验植株的固定枝条进行花期和果期的观察,其中包括开花数、落花数、幼果数和成熟果数等。在果实成熟的季节,采集成熟果实对种子的形态结构进行观察,并使用国家标准GB 2772-1999《林木种子检验规程》检测种子质量,同时进行种子繁殖实验。采集2年生枝条进行扦插繁殖实验;另外,选取铁线子适用于生根的茎段部位进行空中压条试验。[结果]铁线子开花期在7月下旬至12月上旬,果期在11月下旬至翌年7月;测定种子的生活力为93%,种子繁殖的出苗率达60%,扦插枝条没有成活,不同浓度生根粉处理下的空中压条试验生根率为70%与30%。[结论]铁线子的花期与果期较长,其种子萌发需要一定的吸水膨胀,扦插繁殖不适于铁线子,空中压条试验可在一定程度上为铁线子的繁殖提供新的方向。

Abstract:

[Objective] The research was conducted in order to understand the biological properties and determine the propagation method of Manilkara hexandra for its protection,restoration,and utilization.[Methods] Two consecutive years from March 2010 to March 2012, fruiting and flowering period of the fixed branches of Manilkara hexandra were observed monthly,which include the number of flowers, fallen petal, young fruits and mature fruits. In ripening season,mature fruits of Manilkara hexandra were collected for the observation on the morphological structure,and using the national standard GB 2772-1999 "forest tree seed inspection procedures"to detect the seed quality and seed propagation experiment. Two years old branches were also collected for cutting propagation experiment. In addition, suitable rooting stems of Manilkara hexandra were selected for air layering experiment.[Results] The flowering period of Manilkara hexandra is from late July to early December, and fruit period is from late November to July next year. Seed viability was 93% and emergence rate reached 60%. No survival was detected in cutting propagation. Different concentrations of rooting powder under the air layering experiment rooting rate was 70% and 30%.[Conclusion] Flowering and fruiting period is longer. Water swelling of the seeds were essential for the germination of Manilkara hexandra.Cutting propagation is not suitable for Manilkara hexandra.Air layering experiment provides a new method for propagation of Manilkara hexandra.