水环境镉污染对养殖鱼类的影响研究进展

A Review of the Effects of Cadmium on Aquaculture

关键词:  水生动物  健康养殖  重金属  镉  检测方法  风险评价

Key words:  aquatic animals  healthy farming  heavy metals  cadmium  detection methods  risk assessment

摘要:

镉是环境中存在的主要重金属污染物之一，其在体内的大量累积会对机体各器官产生严重的毒害作用。目前，我国水产养殖业镉污染问题非常严重，水生动物体内镉残留现象普遍存在，这不仅严重影响了我国养殖水产品的质量安全，而且极大制约了我国水产养殖业的健康绿色发展，同时水生动物体内存在的镉会通过食物链富集进入人体，严重危害人体健康。现代检测技术的逐步完善，为研究重金属镉对水产养殖业的影响提供了条件。本文主要以鱼类为代表生物，概述重金属镉在水生动物体内的累积分布情况，并论述镉残留的危害，旨在更好地响应我国水产品"提质增效"这一方针，同时也为进一步促进我国水产养殖业的健康发展提供参考。

Abstract:

Cadmium is one of the main heavy metal pollutants in the environment,and its accumulation in the body can cause serious toxicity to various organs of the body.At present,the problem of cadmium pollution in China's aquaculture industry has been very serious.The phenomenon of cadmium residues in aquatic animals is abundant,which not only seriously affects the quality and safety of aquaculture products in China,but greatly restricts the healthy and green development of China's aquaculture industry.Meanwhile,cadmium present in the body of aquatic animals will enter the human body through the food chain which will seriously endanger human health.The gradual improvement of modern testing technology provides conditions for studying the impact of cadmium on aquaculture.This paper mainly uses fish as the representative organism,summarizes the cumulative distribution of cadmium in aquatic animals,and discusses the hazards of cadmium residual,aiming to better respond to the policy of "purifying quality and increasing efficiency" of China's aquatic products.At the same time,it can also provide references for further promoting the healthy development of China's aquaculture industry.