广西珍稀濒危真红树植物小花老鼠簕分布及种群特征

Distribution and Population Characteristics of the Rare and Endangered Exclusive Mangrove Plant Acanthus ebracteatus in Guangxi

关键词:  小花老鼠簕  种群特征  种群动态  保护  珍稀濒危

Key words:  Acanthus ebracteatus  population characteristics  population dynamics  protection  rare and endangered

摘要:

为了填补珍稀濒危真红树植物小花老鼠簕（Acanthus ebracteatus）在广西分布特征的研究空缺，了解其分布、种群大小及群落特征，本文采用野外勘察与样方调查相结合的方法，对广西境内小花老鼠簕可能的分布区域进行全面调查。结果表明：在广西小花老鼠簕仅分布于防城港市江山半岛西南侧和黄竹江中游潮滩，总面积766 m²（分别为686 m²和80 m²），共1 831株（分别为1 796株和35株）；小花老鼠簕分布在高潮线附近有海漆（Excoecaria agallocha）等相对高大的乔灌木遮挡区域，群落结构分层明显，均呈集群分布；江山半岛小花老鼠簕种群生长相对稳定。广西小花老鼠簕种群分布范围极小，生境狭窄，容易遭到人为干扰，处境严峻，亟需对其进行抢救性保护和物种恢复。

Abstract:

In order to fill the gap in the distribution characteristics of the rare and endangered true mangrove plant Acanthus ebracteatus in Guangxi,and to study on its distribution,population size and community characteristics,a combination of field survey and sample-square survey was used to comprehensively investigate the possible distribution areas of A.ebracteatus in Guangxi. The results show that A.ebracteatus in Guangxi is only distributed in the southwest of Jiangshan Peninsula and the middle reaches of Huangzhujiang River in Fangchenggang City,with a total area of 766 m²(686 m² and 80 m²,respectively) and 1 831 individuals (1 796 individuals and 35 individuals,respectively).The A.ebracteatus is distributed in the area covered by relatively tall trees and shrubs such as Excoecaria agallocha near the high tide line. The community structure is clearly stratified and all distributed in clusters. The growth of A.ebracteatus population in the Jiangshan Peninsula is relatively stable. The population distribution range of A.ebracteatus in Guangxi is extremely small,the habitat is narrow,and it is easy to be disturbed by human. The situation is severe,and rescue protection and species restoration are urgently needed.