防城季节性雨林鹅掌柴群落主要树种株高的空间异质性特征

Spatial Heterogeneity Characteristics of Plant Height of Main Tree Species of Heptapleurum heptaphyllum Community in Fangcheng Seasonal Rainforest

关键词:  鹅掌柴群落  优势种  空间异质性  地统计学  季节性雨林

Key words:  Heptapleurum heptaphyllum community  dominant species  spatial heterogeneity  geostatistics  seasonal rainforest

摘要:

空间异质性研究对认识不同空间尺度上植物群落结构、功能和动态过程具有重要的理论意义。本研究选择防城季节性雨林鹅掌柴(Heptapleurum heptaphyllum)群落中的6个主要树种——鹅掌柴、肉实树(Sarcosperma laurinum)、银柴(Aporosa dioica)、黄椿木姜子(Litsea variabilis)、罗伞树(Ardisia quinquegona)和九节(Psychotria asiatica)为研究对象，采用地统计学方法分析各个树种株高的空间异质性特征。结果表明：在研究尺度范围内，除3 m以下和45 m以上的尺度呈随机分布外，鹅掌柴在其余尺度都呈集群分布；银柴在31 m以下尺度呈集群分布，31 m以上尺度呈随机分布；而肉实树、黄椿木姜子、罗伞树和九节在所有尺度上都呈集群分布。6个树种株高空间异质性的程度、组成、尺度和格局存在明显的差异。鹅掌柴、肉实树、银柴和黄椿木姜子株高的半方差函数符合指数模型，而罗伞树和九节的符合直线模型。鹅掌柴、银柴和黄椿木姜子株高的空间异质性由自相关因素和随机因素共同作用引起，而肉实树、罗伞树和九节株高的空间异质性主要由随机因素引起。研究结果有助于定量和直观地了解群落主要树种株高的空间分布现状和发展趋势，为防城季节性雨林的有效保护和管理提供理论基础。

Abstract:

The study of spatial heterogeneity has important theoretical significance for understanding the structure，function，and dynamic process of plant communities at different spatial scales.In this study，six main tree species，including Heptapleurum heptaphyllum，Sarcosperma laurinum，Aporosa dioica，Litsea variabilis，Ardisia quinquegona and Psychotria asiatica，of H.heptaphyllum community in Fangcheng seasonal rainforests were selected as the research objects.The spatial heterogeneity characteristics of plant height of each tree species were analyzed by geostatistical method.The results showed that within the scope of the study scale,except for the scales below 3 m and above 45 m,H.heptaphyllum was randomly distributed,and the other scales were clustered.Aporosa dioica was clustered at scales below 31 m,and was randomly distributed at scales above 31 m.S.laurinum,L.variabilis，Ardisia quinquegona，and P.asiatica were clustered on all scales.There were significant differences in the degree,composition,scale and pattern of spatial heterogeneity of plant height among the six tree species.The semi-variance functions of plant heights of H.heptaphyllum，S.laurinum，Aporosa dioica and L.variabilis conformed to the exponential model，while that of Ardisia quinquegona and P.asiatica conformed to the linear model.The spatial heterogeneity of plant height of H.heptaphyllum，Aporosa dioica and L.variabilis was caused by both autocorrelation and random factors，while that of S.laurinum，Ardisia quinquegona and P.asiatica was mainly caused by random factors.The research results will help to quantitatively and intuitively understand the spatial distribution status and development trend of the plant height of the main tree species in the community,and provide a theoretical basis for the effective protection and management of the seasonal rainforest in Fangcheng.