药用植物合柱金莲木不同部位化学成分及生理活性物质分析

Analysis of chemical constituents and physiological active substances in different parts of the medicinal plant Sauvagesia rhodoleuca

关键词:  合柱金莲木  化学成分  氨基酸  矿质元素  抗氧化活性

Key words:  Sauvagesia rhodoleuca  Chemical composition  amino acids  mineral element  antioxidant activity

摘要:

为探究合柱金莲木（Sauvagesia rhodoleuca）不同部位之间化学成分和生理活性物质差异，本研究选取合柱金莲木根、茎、叶三个部位，对其氨基酸成分和营养价值进行分析评价；以乙醇为提取溶剂，超声辅助法提取得到三种合柱金莲木粗提物，以DPPH自由基、羟自由基清除率以及总还原能力等指标评价合柱金莲木不同部位提取物的体外抗氧化能力。结果显示：（1）合柱金莲木根中多糖、总酚（以茶多酚计）、总皂苷、粗纤维含量最高；茎中总黄酮（以无水芦丁计）含量最高；叶中灰分、蛋白质、脂肪、总氮含量最高。（2）合柱金莲木叶中共检测出16种氨基酸，其中必需氨基酸7种；根和茎中检测出15种，其中必需氨基酸6种，未检测出蛋氨酸（Met）；叶的必需氨基酸比值系数分（SRC）最高，表明三个部位中叶的氨基酸营养价值较高。（3）根、茎、叶三个部位含量最高的常量元素均为K，含量最低的常量元素均为P；检测出的微量元素种类相同，含量由高到低均表现为Mn>Zn>Al>Fe>Cu>Se。（4）合柱金莲木根的粗提物表现出了较强的抗氧化活性。总体上，合柱金莲木叶的营养物质含量丰富，根的抗氧化能力强、活性物质含量高，可根据其不同部位的价值特点尝试进行相关保健产品的开发利用，也为后续深入制定保护合柱金莲木策略和开展其化学成分研究提供一定基础资料。

Abstract:

To explore the difference in chemical composition and physiologically active substances between the different parts of the Sauvagesia rhodoleuca, This study selected the root, stem and leaf of the Sauvagesia rhodoleuca, and analyzed and evaluated their amino acid composition and nutritional value.Three crude extracts of Sauvagesia rhodoleuca were obtained by ultrasonic-assisted extraction with ethanol as the extraction solvent. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of the extracts from different parts of Sauvagesia rhodoleuca was evaluated by indicators such as DPPH radical scavenging rate, hydroxyl radical scavenging rate and total reducing capacity.The results showed that: (1)the highest content of polysaccharide, total phenol (tea polyphenols), total saponin and crude fiber; the highest content of total flavonoids (anhydrous rutin)in the stem and the highest content of ash, protein, fat and total nitrogen in the leaves.(2)A total of 16 kinds of amino acids were detected in the leaves of S.rhodoleucain, including 7 were essential amino acids; 15 were detected in the root and stem, including 6 essential amino acids, no methionine (Met), the total amino acid and each amino acid were higher than those of the other two; The essential amino acid ratio coefficient (SRC) of leaves was the highest, indicating that the amino acid nutritional value of leaves was higher among the three parts.(3)The constant elements with the highest content in the root, stem and leaf are all K, and the continuous elements with the lowest content are all P; the trace elements detected are the same species, and the content is Mn> Zn> Al> F> F> Cu> Se.(4)The crude extract of the roots of the S.rhodoleucain exhibited strong antioxidant activity.Overall, The nutritional content of the middle leaves of the S.rhodoleucain is abundant. The roots of this tree have strong antioxidant capacity and high content of active substances. Based on the value characteristics of different parts of this tree, efforts can be made to develop related health care products,and also provides some basic data for the further development of protection strategies and chemical composition research of S. rhodoleucain.