家蚕抗氟品种“桂蚕F95”的选育研究

Breeding of a Fluorine-resistant Silkworm Race “Gui Can F95”

关键词:  家蚕  品种  抗氟  桂蚕F95

Key words:  silkworm  race  fluorine tolerance  Gui Can F95

摘要:

2000~2003年利用广西蚕业技术推广总站贮备和引进的品种材料,通过杂交、选育、添食高浓度NaF、配合力测定选择亲本,开展杂交组合的组配、添食高浓度NaF筛选、耐氟实验鉴定和氟化物重污染蚕区农村鉴定,选育出强健,适合广西乃至热带、亚热带蚕区饲养的夏秋用耐氟品种,并于2007年4月由广西农作物品种委员会定名为"桂蚕F95"。"桂蚕F95"在桑叶氟化物含量正常的情况下,主要经济性状与对照种"两广二号"相仿或略有提高,繁育性能良好;在添食NaF鉴定中,从4龄第2口叶开始至5龄第4天止,用300mg/kg NaF溶液浸泡10min晾干后的桑叶饲养(桑叶含氟量150~280mg/kg)的结茧率为94.83%、虫蛹率90.63%,万头产茧量15.398kg,万头茧层量3.334kg,分别比对照"两广二号"提高56.80%、60.83%、194.64%、206.43%,表现出较强的抗氟性;在氟化物污染严重蚕区(桑叶氟含量200mg/kg左右)的农村试养鉴定中,张种单产35.417kg,比现行"两广二号"单张产茧量增加28.40kg,增产404.87%。

Abstract:

With the silkworm variety which were stored and introduced by the general station of sericulture technology popularization of Guangxi Autonomous Region, a new hybrid silkworm race was breeded through crossing, selection, feeding with high NaF solution, combining ability test for selecting parent, and composing cross combination, screening by feeded high NaF solution, fluorine tolerance test for identification and rearing in heavy fluorine pollution area for countryside identification in 2000~2003, it was a silkworm race for summer-autumn rearing and fluorine tolerance which was healthy and suitable to rear in Guangxi, tropical and subtropical sericulture area, and it was named "Gui Can F95" by Guangxi Crop Variety Committee in April 2007, Under the condition of mulberry leaf which the fluoride content is normal, its main economical character were close or higher than the control race"liangguang er hao", the propagation charater is good.In the rearing NaF identifying test, the silkworm was feeded with mulberry leaf which is soaked with 300mg/kg of NaF solution in 10 minutes then air drying form the second mouth of fourth instar larva to the fourth day of fifthinstar larva (the fluorine content is 150~280mg/kg in mulberry leaf), the cocooning rate was 94.83%, survival rate was 90.63%, the cocoon clop per 10000 four instar silkworm was 15.398kg and the cocoon shell weight per 10000 four instar silkworm was 3.334kg.Compare the "liangguang er hao"to raise 56.80%, 60.83%, 194.64%, 206.43% respectively, the race showed strong fluorine tolerance character.In the rearing identifying test in the countryside where mulberry leaf was severely polluted by fluoride (the fluorine content was about 200mg/kg in mulberry leaf), the cocoon crop per case of silkworm eggs of "Gui Can F95"was 35.41kg, which was increasing 28.40kg compare to the silkworm race "liangguang er hao", the increasing rate was 404.87%.