漓江流域上游植被景观格局演变特征分析

Analysis on the Vegetation Landscape Pattern of Upper Reaches in Lijiang River Basin

关键词:  植被  景观  格局  演变特征

Key words:  vegetation  landscape  pattern  change characteristics

摘要:

以1991年、1998年和2006年3期遥感影像数据为基础,应用景观生态学方法,分析漓江流域上游植被景观格局的演变特征。结果表明,漓江流域上游植被景观在1991~2006年间出现了较大变化,主要表现在:(1)代表人工植被的灌木林(果园、竹林及灌丛)景观的面积指数增加迅速;(2)具有重要生态功能的乔木林景观类型虽然总体面积变化不大,但是一些面积较大的乔木林景观斑块的面积出现了较明显的缩小;(3)草丛植被景观退化明显,表现出较高的破碎度和分离度;(4)植被景观总体的复杂程度减小,景观多样性降低;(5)由于景观多样性降低和景观结构配置不合理,植被景观功能出现退化,水源涵养、土壤保持和生物多样性维持等生态服务价值均出现下降。

Abstract:

Based on the multi-temporal remotely sensed data in 1991, 1998 and 2006, this study analyzed the landscape pattern change characteristics in Upper reaches of the Lijiang river basin by using the methods of landscape ecology.The results showed the landscape pattern in Upper reaches of the Lijiang river basin changed significantly during the research phase:(1)The class area of shrub landscape which represent plantation increased rapidly in the period. (2)The class area of tree forest landscape which has key functions changed little, but the area of some large patches reduced obviously. (3)The herbosa patches degraded significantly and showed high fragmentation degree and separation degree. (4)The diversity and complexity degree of the vegetation landscape pattern declined in the period. (5)The ecosystem services value in soil formation and disposition, water conservation, bio-diversity conservation of the vegetation system decreased as a result of vegetation landscape patches improper distribution.