交通拥堵的平均场延迟反馈控制方法

Mean-field Delay-feedback Control Scheme for Traffic Jam

关键词:  优化速度模型  平均场理论  延迟反馈控制方案  稳定性条件  数值模拟  交通滞后

Key words:  optimal-velocity model  mean-field  delay-feedback control scheme  stability condition  simulation  traffic hysteresis

摘要:

[目的]在优化速度模型的基础上,引入平均场延迟反馈控制方法抑制交通的拥堵。[方法]将当前车受到的所有其它车的作用用一个平均场力来代替,将延迟耦合作为延迟反馈控制项,在交通流演化过程中,通过开-关(on-off)加载控制以抑制交通的拥堵;通过线性稳定性分析得出稳定性条件;最后用数值模拟验证控制方法的有效性。[结果]稳定性分析得出交通流在控制作用下趋于稳定,数值模拟分析对比发现拥堵交通流在施加控制后,车间距-速度相图中的交通滞后曲线区域缩小,以此判断交通拥堵得以缓解。[结论]交通流平均场延迟反馈控制方法可以有效地抑制交通拥堵,控制增益越大,交通拥堵缓解程度越好,而且该反馈控制在智能交通(ITS)中易于实现。

Abstract:

[Objective] A mean-field delay-feedback control scheme for traffic jam is proposed based on the optimal-velocity (OV) model,in order to suppress traffic jam.[Methods] The interaction among other vehicles can be taken the place of an average force exerting on each vehicle as delay-feedback control term by delayed coupling.The stability condition is derived from OV equation with a feedback control term by linear stability analysis.The effectiveness of the mean-field feedback control scheme are verified by simulation.[Results] The stability condition indicates that traffic flow approaches to steady state under control.The numerical simulation shows the region of traffic hysteresis curves in phase space(headway vs velocity) is shrunken,which indicates traffic jam is reduced under control.[Conclusion] The mean-field delay-feedback control scheme of traffic flow can effectively suppress traffic jam.The stronger the control gain is, the less the traffic jam is.And the mean-field delay-feedback control scheme is easily realized in Intelligent Traffic System(ITS).