重离子束辐射诱变技术在植物育种中的应用

Application of Heavy Ion Beam Irradiation Mutagenesis Technology in Plant Breeding

关键词:  重离子束  诱变  植物育种  辐射育种  生物学效应

Key words:  heavy ion beam  mutagenesis  plant breeding  irradiation breeding  biological effects

摘要:

重离子束辐射是一种新兴的辐射诱变技术，因其操作简单、突变率高、突变谱广等特点，已受到作物育种工作者的广泛关注。常用的重离子源有C、N、Ne等，不同植物物种、不同部位以及发育阶段对重离子束的敏感性不一。通过结合植物组织培养、基因工程等技术，国内外已对多种植物开展重离子束辐射育种的研究，获得一系列新种质和新品种。本文简要介绍重离子束辐射诱变的基本原理、相应的生物学效应以及在作物育种中的研究进展。

Abstract:

Heavy ion beam irradiation is an emerging radiation mutagenesis technology.Because of its simple operation,high mutation rate,and wide mutation spectrum,it has been widely concerned by crop breeders.Common sources of heavy ions are C,N,Ne,et al.The sensitivity of different plant species,different parts,and development stages to heavy ion beams varies.By combining plant tissue culture,genetic engineering and other technologies,at home and abroad,research on heavy ion beam irradiation breeding has been carried out on a variety of plants,and a series of new germplasm and new varieties have been obtained.This paper briefly introduces the basic principles of heavy ion beam irradiation mutagenesis,the corresponding biological effects,and research advances in crop breeding.