南亚热带杉木、红锥人工林碳储量及分配特征

Carbon Stocks and Allocation Characteristics of Cunnighamia lanceolata and Castanopsis hystrix Plantations in Southern China

关键词:  杉木  红锥  人工林  含碳率  碳储量  分配特征

Key words:  Cunnighamia lanceolata  Castanopsis hystrix  plantation  rate of carbon content  carbon stock  allocation characteristics

摘要:

明确南亚热带杉木（Cunnighamia lanceolata）、红锥（Castanopsis hystrix）人工林碳储量及分配特征，可为应对全球气候变化研究提供基础数据，为碳汇林业发展提供科学依据。以我国亚热带地区广泛栽培的杉木人工林和红锥人工林为研究对象，以相对生长方程计算林木生物量，实测林下植被生物量、林木和林下植被各组分含碳率、土壤含碳率等，进而分析不同人工林的碳储量及分配规律。结果表明：（1）人工林生态系统不同组分的含碳率存在一定差异，虽然杉木和红锥的全株含碳率相差无几，分别为48.04%和47.80%，但林下植被和土壤表层的含碳率差别较大，林下植被含碳率为40.84%—47.73%（杉木林）、36.69%—43.76%（红锥林）；土壤表层含碳率为2.28%—3.30%；（2）杉木人工林乔木层碳储量（71.48 t/hm²）、林下植被碳储量（1.533 t/hm²）显著高于红锥人工林乔木层碳储量（51.82 t/hm²）和林下植被碳储量（1.185 t/hm²），而红锥人工林枯落物层碳储量（0.673 t/hm²）显著高于杉木人工林（0.386 t/hm²）；（3）杉木人工林的皮、叶、根碳储量显著高于红锥人工林，相反，红锥人工林的枝碳储量（8.04 t/hm²）显著高于杉木人工林（6.00 t/hm²）；（4）杉木人工林生态系统碳储量（217.56 t/hm²）与红锥人工林生态系统碳储量（195.05 t/hm²）无显著差异，土壤和乔木层是人工林生态系统的主要碳库，分别占生态系统碳储量的66.37%—72.81%和26.59%—32.93%。杉木人工林乔木层、林下植被和生态系统碳储量均高于红锥人工林，红锥人工林枯落物碳储量显著高于杉木人工林，杉木是发展碳汇林的较好树种。

Abstract:

Clarifying the carbon stocks and allocation characteristics of Cunnighamia lanceolata and Castanopsis hystrix plantations in southern subtropical China can provide basic data for the study of global climate change,and provide scientific basis for the development of carbon sink forestry.Taking C.lanceolata and C.hystrix widely cultivated in the subtropical area of China as the research objects,the forest biomass was calculated by the relative growth equation,the biomass of understory vegetation,the carbon content of each component of the forest and understory vegetation,the soil carbon content,etc.were measured.And then the carbon storage and distribution rules of different plantations were analyzed.The results showed that:(1) The carbon content of different components of the artificial forest ecosystem were different.Although the carbon content of the whole plant of C.lanceolata and C.hystrix was almost the same,being 48.04% and 47.80%,respectively,the carbon content of understory vegetation and soil surface were significantly different,with the carbon concentrations of understory vegetation varying from 40.84% to 47.73% (C.lanceolata plantations) and 36.69% to 43.76% (C.hystrix plantations).The carbon content of soil surface varied from 2.28% to 3.30%.(2) The carbon stocks of tree layer (71.48 t/hm²) and understory (1.533 t/hm²) in C.lanceolata plantations were significantly higher than that in C.hystrix plantations,which were 51.82 t/hm² and 1.185 t/hm²,respectively.While carbon stock in litter layer was significantly higher in C.hystrix plantations (0.673 t/hm²) than in C.lanceolata plantations (0.386 t/hm²).(3) The carbon stocks of bark,leaf and roots in C.lanceolata plantations were significantly higher than those in C.hystrix plantations.On the contrary,the carbon stock of branch in C.hystrix plantations (8.04 t/hm²) was significantly higher than that in C.lanceolata plantations (6.00 t/hm²).(4)There was no significant difference between ecosystem carbon stocks of C.lanceolata (217.56 t/hm²) and C.hystrix (195.05 t/hm²) plantations.Soil and tree layers were the major carbon pools of the plantation ecosystems,accounting for 66.37%-72.81% and 26.59%-32.93%,respectively.The tree,understory and ecosystem carbon stocks of C.lanceolata plantations were significantly higher than those in C.hystrix plantations.The carbon stocks of litter layer in C.hystrix plantations were significantly higher than those in C.lanceolata plantations.These results highlight that C.lanceolata plantations is a good tree species for developing carbon sink forest.