水稻土细菌群落对长期施肥和短期氮添加的响应

Response of Bacterial Community in Paddy Soil to Long-term Fertilization and Short-term Nitrogen Addition

关键词:  水稻土  长期施肥  氮添加  Illumina MiSeq  细菌群落

Key words:  paddy soil  long-term fertilization  nitrogen addition  Illumina MiSeq  bacterial community

摘要:

为更好地了解长期施肥下水稻土的细菌多样性、群落结构和组成，本研究以中性紫色水稻土长期定位试验基地为平台，采用高通量测序技术，研究长期施用化肥和短期氮添加对水稻土细菌群落的影响。实验结果表明：相比于短期氮添加，长期施肥显著提升土壤养分含量，同时使土壤pH值明显下降，并改变了土壤细菌群落特征。试验所用水稻土细菌主要优势菌门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi），它们的总占比超过70%。长期施肥显著提高了富营养型细菌变形菌门和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）的相对丰度。相关性分析和冗余分析表明，水稻土细菌多样性、群落结构和组成受到土壤pH和土壤养分水平（如速效磷、速效钾、全氮等）的显著影响。

Abstract:

In order to better understand the bacterial diversity, community structure and composition of paddy soil under long-term fertilization, based on the long-term positioning test base of neutral purple paddy soil, the high-throughput sequencing technology was used to study the effects of long-term fertilization and short-term nitrogen addition on bacterial community in paddy soil.The results showed that compared with short-term nitrogen addition, long-term fertilization significantly increased soil nutrient content, decreased pH, and further changed the characteristics of the soil bacterial community.The bacterial community composition of paddy soil was dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi, which accounted for more than 70%. Long-term fertilization significantly increased the relative abundance of copiotrophic bacteria (Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes).Correlation analysis and redundancy analysis showed that bacterial diversity, community structure, and composition of paddy soil were significantly affected by soil pH and soil nutrient levels (such as AP, AK, and TN, etc.).