广西海洋环境与沿海经济发展的关系

Relationship between Ocean Environment and Coastal Economic Development in Guangxi

关键词:  海洋环境  经济发展  EKC  协调系数  广西沿海地区

Key words:  marine environment  economic development  EKC  coordination coefficient  the coastal area of Guangxi

摘要:

[目的]海洋环境是沿海社会经济发展的基础与限制因素。由于广西沿海地区经济快速发展,导致该区海洋环境质量下降,因此开展广西海洋环境与经济发展之间的关系及协调性研究,以揭示广西沿海地区社会生态系统可持续性发展前景。[方法]分析近十年来广西沿海地区的经济发展状况和环境演变状况,并基于环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)和协调度数学方法,探讨两者的关系。[结果]广西海洋环境与经济发展状况整体上呈现正"N"型关系,其中生活废水排放量、工业废水排放量与经济发展分别呈倒"U"型与正"N"型关系;北海市、钦州市、防城港市海洋环境与经济发展的关系分别呈倒"N"型、正"N"型和倒"U"型。协调度分析结果表明广西的海洋环境指标与经济发展状况整体不协调,仅北海市的工业废水排放量与经济发展的协调度较高,协调系数为-0.036 8。[结论]广西沿海地区整体上仍处于资源环境过度消耗的不协调发展阶段,急需落实相关法律法规,改善产业结构设置与布局,并加大环境治理与监管力度,以促进经济与海洋环境的协调发展。

Abstract:

[Objective] The marine environment is the basis and also the restrictive factor of social economic development in coastal areas.Rapid economic development in the coastal area of Guangxi Province leaded to deterioration of the marine environmental.Therefore,studies on the relationship and coordination between the marine environment and economic development in Guangxi Province could provide a reference for the sustainable development of social ecosystems in coastal area.[Methods] In this study,the economic development and environment dynamics in recent decade of the coastal area of Guangxi Province was analyzed,and the relationship between them was discussed based on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) and the coordination degree mathematical method.[Results] The EKC curve indicated that the marine environment and economic development in the Guangxi Province showed a positive "N" in general,the relationship between economic development with domestic wastewater discharge and industrial waste water discharge was inverted "U" and positive "N",respectively.In addition,the relationship between the marine environment and economic development in Beihai City,Qinzhou City and Fangchenggang City showed inverted "N",positive "N" and inverted "U",respectively.The results of the coordination analysis showed that the marine environmental indicators with the economic development were not in harmony generally in the coastal area of Guangxi Province,the industrial waste water discharge and economic development were relatively higher only in Beihai City,and the coordination coefficient was -0.036 8.[Conclusion] Both of the EKC curve and co-ordination analysis results showed that the relationship between environment and economic development of the coastal area of Guangxi Province was still uncoordinated,characterized by a resource and environment excessive consumption development stage.In order to promote the coordinated development of economic and marine environment,relevant laws and regulations urgently needed to be implemented to improve the industrial structure and layout and increase the environmental governance and supervision.