海水青鳉仔稚幼鱼发育的研究

Study on the Development of Larval,Juvenile and Young Fish of Oryzias melastigma

关键词:  海水青鳉  仔稚幼鱼  发育

Key words:  Oryzias melastigma  larval and juvenile fish  development

摘要:

[目的]系统掌握海水青鳉Oryzias melastigma早期发育各个阶段的形态特征。[方法]对海水青鳉仔稚幼鱼的生长发育进行连续观察和研究。[结果]在水温26~28℃,盐度27‰,14 h光照:10 h黑暗的条件下,海水青鳉0日龄胸鳍发达、眼球浓黑、脊索末端向上弯曲、尾鳍条出现;1日龄鳔充气,并开口摄食;3日龄卵黄吸收完毕;4日龄油球消失,进入后期仔鱼阶段;8日龄胸鳍、臀鳍条出现;10日龄背鳍出现;25日龄各鳍发育,进入稚鱼期;35日龄各个鳍条发育完善,身体布满鳞片,形态与成鱼相似,进入幼鱼期。[结论]根据卵黄囊、油球的吸收,鳍的发育以及鳞片等发育特征将海水青鳉早期发育阶段划分为仔鱼期、稚鱼期、幼鱼期。海水青鳉各鳍的发育时序为胸鳍、尾鳍、臀鳍、背鳍、腹鳍。

Abstract:

[Objective] To systematically master the morphological characteristics of Oryzias melastigma at various stages of early development.[Methods] The growth and development of the larval and juvenile fish of Oryzias melastigma were continuously observed and studied.[Results] Under the condition of water temperature of 26-28℃,salinity of 27‰,light of 14 h and darkness of 10 h,0 d old Oryzias melastigma had complete pectoral fin,the eyeballs were dark,the end of tail bent upward,and the ray of caudal fin appeared.On the 1 d after hatch (DAH),the swim bladder inflated and opened mouth to eat food.The yolk sac was absorbed on the 3 DAH and oil globule disappeared on the 4 DAH.The fin ray of pectoral and anal and the bud of pectoral appeared at 8 DAH;the ventral fin completely appeared,it meant the beginning of juvenile stage on the 25 DAH.With all the fin rays completely developed,the body was covered with scales,the fish turned into young fish in the 35 DAH and the shape was similar to that of the adult fish.[Conclusion] According to the absorption of yolk sac,oil globule,the growth of the fins and scales to the developmental characteristics of Oryzias melastigma, early development phase is divided into larval stage,juvenile stage and young stage.The development sequence of each is fin pectoral fin,caudal fin,anal fin,dorsal and ventral fin.