广西沿海赤潮多发区高浓度氮磷营养元素来源探讨

The Source of High Concentration of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrient in Guangxi High Frequency Algal Bloom Areas

关键词:  赤潮  溶解态氮磷  涠洲岛  广西沿海  琼州海峡

Key words:  algal blooms  dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus  Weizhou Island  Guangxi coast  Qiongzhou Strait

摘要:

[目的]探讨广西沿海赤潮多发区氮磷营养元素的来源,分析广西沿海赤潮发生的影响因素,为预防或减少赤潮灾害发生、保护海洋生态环境提供科学依据。[方法]现场调查以钦州湾海域为研究对象,测定表层海水的溶解态氮(DN)、溶解态磷(DP)含量并分析其分布特征,结合历史资料追溯高浓度DN、DP来源及污染物输运过程。[结果]钦州湾内高浓度DN、DP分布区与入海陆源工业污染排放区不一致,离工业污染区近的地方DN、DP浓度偏低,而离工业污染区远的地方DN、DP浓度反而偏高。[结论]广西主要入海河流各类污染物的增加以及不同的海域通过动力途径输送而来的海水可能是广西沿海赤潮多发区的高浓度氮磷营养元素的主要来源。

Abstract:

[Objective] In order to investigate the influencing factors of algal blooms in Guangxi coastal, and prevent or reduce the algal bloom disaster and provide a scientific basis for the protection of marine ecological environment the sources of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition in high frequency algal bloom areas of Guangxi were analyzed. [Methods] The dissolved nitrogen (DN) and dissolved phosphorus(DP) in surface water in Qinzhou Bay were analyzed, and their spatial distribution characteristics were investigated. Combining with historical data, the high sources of DN, DP and the transport process of pollutants were analyzed. [Results] Investigations revealed that the distribution of high concentrations of DN and DP in Qinzhou Bay was not consistent with the pollution discharge area of the industry. The concentration of DN and DP was lower near the industrial polluted area, while it was higher in the water far from the polluted area. [Conclusion] The increase of pollutants of river inflow and the waters from different sea areas by hydrodynamics may be the main source of high concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in Guangxi high frequency algal bloom areas.