响应面法优化扁桃斑鸠菊黄酮提取及抗氧化活性研究

Optimization of Flavonoids Extraction and Antioxidant Activity of Vernonia amygdalina Del. by Response Surface Methodology

关键词:  扁桃斑鸠菊  响应面法  总黄酮  抗氧化

Key words:  Vernonia amygdalina Del.  response surface method  total flavonoids  antioxidant

摘要:

为探讨提取扁桃斑鸠菊（Vernonia amygdalina Del.）黄酮及自由基的最佳提取工艺，以扁桃斑鸠菊的叶片为试材，运用单因素和响应面试验相结合的方法，通过超声波辅助对其总黄酮的提取进行优化，并对其黄酮含量进行测定与抗氧化活性分析。研究结果表明：扁桃斑鸠菊黄酮最佳提取条件为超声波功率409.6 W，超声频率35 kHz，乙醇浓度100%，料液比为1：48.5 g/mL，提取温度61.9℃，提取时间20 min，黄酮得率为5.7%。当扁桃斑鸠菊黄酮浓度为2 mg/mL时，其对·OH、DPPH·和O₂^-·的最大清除率分别为54.7%、79.2%和32%，并具有很好的还原能力。通过热溶剂浸提超声波辅助提取法提取扁桃斑鸠菊中的黄酮类化合物，所用时间短，要求温度低，提取率好，方法简单易行，具有明显的优势。

Abstract:

In order to explore the optimal extraction process of flavonoids and free radicals from Vernonia amygdalina Del., the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina Del. were used as test materials. The combination of single factor and response surface test was used to optimize the extraction of total flavonoids by ultrasonic assist, and the flavonoid content was determined and the antioxidant activity was analyzed. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions of Vernonia amygdalina Del. flavonoids were that ultrasonic power was 409.6 W, ultrasonic frequency was 35 kHz, ethanol concentration was 100%, solid-liquid ratio was 1:48.5 g/mL, extraction temperature was 61.9℃, extraction time was 20 min, and the flavonoid yield was 5.7%. When the concentration of flavonoids was 2 mg/mL, the maximum clearance rates of·OH, DPPH·and O₂^-·were 54.7%, 79.2% and 32%, respectively, they had good reducing ability. The flavonoids in Vernonia amygdalina Del. were extracted by ultrasonic assisted extraction with hot solvent extraction. The extraction time was short, the required temperature was low, and the extraction rate was good. This method was simple and easy to operate, which had obvious advantages.