特色壮药黄花倒水莲高效栽培技术研究

Study on High-efficient Cultivation Techniques of Characteristic Zhuang Medicine Polygala fallax Hemsl.

关键词:  黄花倒水莲  立地条件  种植模式  肥料  移栽时间

Key words:  Polygala fallax Hemsl.  land condition  planting mode  fertilizer  transplanting time

摘要:

本研究旨在探索适用于黄花倒水莲(Polygala fallax Hemsl.)的栽培措施，为黄花倒水莲的资源开发利用提供参考。以黄花倒水莲组培苗为材料，研究种植模式、立地条件、种植密度、肥料种类、施肥次数、施肥时间对黄花倒水莲产量的影响。结果表明：采用山地、林下种植模式，黄花倒水莲的产量和成活率明显提高。选择在4月移栽幼苗，成活率可高达(97±2)%，高于其他月份。种植密度为50 cm×50 cm时，平均产量最高。施用有机肥时，产量较施用复合肥、不施肥明显增加；当施肥量为750 kg/666.7 m²时,产量达到最大；每年于6月施肥效果最好，其次是4月。综合考量，为提高黄花倒水莲的产量，种植地应选在山地，采用林下种植模式；4月移栽；种植密度为50 cm×50 cm；4-6月施用有机肥约750 kg/666.7 m²(每株约0.2 kg)，分两次施肥。

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to explore the cultivation measures suitable for Polygala fallax Hemsl.and to provide reference for the development and utilization of P.fallax Hemsl.The tissue culture seedlings of P.fallax Hemsl.were used as materials,the effects of planting mode,site conditions,planting density,fertilizer types,fertilization times,and fertilization time on the yield of P.fallax Hemsl.were studied.The results showed that the yield and survival rate of P.fallax Hemsl.were significantly improved by mountain and understory planting mode.The survival rate of seedlings transplanted in April was as high as (97±2)%,which was higher than that in other months.The average yield was the highest when the planting density was 50 cm×50 cm.When organic fertilizer was applied,the yield was significantly higher than that of compound fertilizer and no fertilizer.When the fertilization amount was 750 kg/666.7 m²,the yield reached the maximum.The best fertilization effect was in June,followed by April.Considering comprehensively,in order to improve the yield of P.fallax Hemsl.,the planting place should be selected in the mountainous area,adopting the mode of planting under the forest,transplanting in April,planting density of 50 cm×50 cm,and applying about 750 kg/666.7 m² of organic fertilizer (about 0.2 kg per plant) twice from April to June.