不同处理对赤苍藤种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Different Treatments on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Erythropalum scandens Bl.

关键词:  赤苍藤  种子  发芽率  幼苗生长  药食同源

Key words:  Erythropalum scandens Bl.  seeds  germination percentage  seedling growth  medicine and food homology

摘要:

为研究不同因素对药食两用植物赤苍藤(Erythropalum scandens Bl.)种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响，本研究以当年采收的赤苍藤种子为材料，探讨浸种时间(0 d、1 d、2 d、3 d、4 d、5 d)、基质含水量(70%、50%、30%)、播种深度(0 cm、1 cm、3 cm、5 cm)、光照条件(全黑、自然光)、基质(沙土、肥土、黄土、混合土)、赤霉素浸种处理及破壳处理(全破、少破、不破)下赤苍藤种子的发芽率及幼苗特性，为其规模化发展提供理论参考。结果表明，浸种时间、基质含水量、播种深度、赤霉素处理均对发芽率有极显著影响(P<0.01)，基质和破壳处理对发芽率有显著影响(P<0.05)，浸种5 d、50%和30%的基质含水量、播种深度1 cm、混合土基质、50 mg·L^-1赤霉素浸种12 h以及全破处理的发芽率在各对比的处理中均最高。浸种时间和基质含水量对幼苗叶长和枝高均有显著影响(P<0.05),其他处理对幼苗生长无显著影响。综上可知，赤苍藤种子育苗时，可先浸种5 d或用50 mg·L^-1赤霉素浸种12 h，再按1 cm深度播种于含水量30%-50%的混合土基质中，可获得较高的发芽率和较优的幼苗。

Abstract:

To study the effects of different factors on seed germination and seedling growth of medicinal and edible plant Erythropalum scandens Bl.,the seeds of E.scandens Bl. collected in the same year were used as materials in this study. The effects of soaking time (0 d,1 d,2 d,3 d,4 d,5 d),substrate water content (70%,50%,30%),sowing depth (0 cm,1 cm,3 cm,5 cm ),light conditions (completely black,natural light),substrate (sandy soil,fertile soil,loess,mixed soil),gibberellin soaking treatment and shell breaking treatment (all broken,less broken,not broken) on the germination rate and seedling characteristics of the seeds of E.scandens Bl.were discussed,which provided theoretical reference for large-scale development. The results showed that seed soaking time,substrate water content,sowing depth,gibberellin soaking treatment all had extremely significant effects on germination rate (P<0.01).Substrates and shell breaking treatment had significant effect on germination rate (P<0.05).In the processing of each comparison,the germination rates of soaking for 5 d,50% and 30% substrate water content,sowing depth 1 cm,mixed soil substrate,50 mg·L^-1 gibberellin soaking for 12 h and complete breaking treatment were the highest. Seed soaking time and substrate water content both had significant effects on seedling leaf length and branch height (P<0.05),while other treatments had no significant effect on seedling growth. In summary,seeds of E.scandens Bl. can be soaked for 5 d or soaked with 50 mg·L^-1 gibberellin for 12 h,and then sown in the mixed soil matrix with water content of 30%-50% at the depth of 1 cm,higher germination rate and better seedlings could be obtained.