不同水分和光照处理对走马胎生理生化特性的影响

Effects of Different Water and Light Treatments on Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Ardisia kteniophylla

关键词:  走马胎  含水量  光照强度  生长指标  生理指标  光合特性  总皂苷

Key words:  Ardisia kteniophylla  water content  light intensity  growth indicators  physiological indicators  photosynthetic characteristics  total saponins

摘要:

为了探究走马胎(Ardisia kteniophylla)在生境适宜性中对水分及光照的需求特性，以2年生的走马胎幼苗为材料，设置3个水分水平(90%-100%、70%-80%及50%-60%土壤持水量)与3个光照水平(30%-40%、20%-30%及10%-20%透光率)的双因素试验，分析不同水分及光照条件下其生长指标、生理指标、光合特性及总皂苷含量的变化情况。结果表明：较强的光照(L1，30%-40%透光率)和低水分逆境(W3，50%-60%土壤持水量)下，走马胎丙二醛含量积累增多，导致细胞质膜相对透性增大，促进了脯氨酸和可溶性糖的合成，使得株高、茎粗及生物量等的增长受到抑制；走马胎总皂苷的积累在W3逆境下大量合成积累；光合特性分析也表明走马胎耐强光能力较弱，利用弱光的能力较强。综上，走马胎作为典型的阴生植物，不同的水分和光照显著影响其生长和生理生化特性，70%-80%土壤持水量和20%-30%透光率最适宜走马胎的生长。此外，适当缺水胁迫有利于走马胎总皂苷的积累，可作为提高走马胎药材质量的一个潜在措施。

Abstract:

In order to explore the demand characteristics of Ardisia kteniophylla for water and light in habitat suitability,two-year-old A. kteniophylla seedlings were used as materials,and two factor experiments were conducted at three water levels (90%-100%,70%-80 % and 50%-60% soil water holding capacity) and three light levels (30%-40%,20%-30% and 10%-20% light transmittance) to analyze the change of growth indicators,physiological indicators,photosynthetic characteristics and total saponin contents under different water and light conditions.The results showed that under the environment of strong light (L1,30%-40% light transmittance) and low water stress (W3,50%-60% soil water holding capacity),the accumulation of malondialdehyde content in A. kteniophylla increased,which led to the increase of relative permeability of plasma membrane,promoting the synthesis of proline and soluble sugar,and inhibiting the growth of plant height,stem diameter and biomass of A. kteniophylla. The accumulation of total saponins in A. kteniophylla was largely synthesized and accumulated under W3 adversity environment.The analysis of photosynthetic characteristics also showed that the strong light resistance ability of the A. kteniophylla was weak,and the ability to use weak light was strong.In summary,as a typical shade plant,different water and light significantly affect the growth and physiological and biochemical characteristics of A. kteniophylla.70%-80% of soil water holding capacity and 20%-30% of light transmittance were the most suitable for the growth of A. kteniophylla. In addition,appropriate water stress is conducive to the accumulation of total saponins in A. kteniophylla,which can be used as a potential measure to improve the quality of A. kteniophylla medicinal materials.