珠江-西江经济带67个区县碳排放效率测度及空间分异研究

Study on the Measurement of Carbon Emission Efficiency and Spatial Differentiation of 67 Districts and Counties in the Zhujiang-Xijiang Economic Belt

关键词:  碳排放效率  Super-SBM模型  Malmquist指数  Dagum基尼系数  珠江-西江经济带

Key words:  carbon emission efficiency  Super-SBM model  Malmquist index  Dagum Gini coefficient  Zhujiang-Xijiang Economic Belt

摘要:

碳排放效率是综合衡量区域社会经济发展与CO₂污染治理效能之间关系的重要指标，对促进资源节约和社会经济可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究运用超效率(Super-SBM)模型和马尔奎斯特(Malmquist)指数综合评估2003-2017年珠江-西江经济带碳排放效率水平，通过双变量地图分析效率增长的内在动力，并利用达格姆(Dagum)基尼系数分解碳排放效率的区域差异，从而明确未来改进方向。结果表明：①2003-2017年珠江-西江经济带碳排放效率整体较低，历史均值仅为0.38，减排空间巨大。②基于Malmquist指数的动态效率分析显示，考察期内经济带碳排放效率有小幅提升，较研究初期整体提升4%，其中纯技术效率变化指数(PEC)和技术进步效率变化指数(TC)的历史均值贡献率分别为1.1%和2.5%，是推动经济带碳排放效率提升的主要因素。③经济带碳排放效率Dagum基尼系数整体上呈扁平状“V”形变化。上下游各市区和县域内部在碳排放治理效能上的不平衡是导致经济带碳排放效率差异显著的主要原因。未来可通过推进基础设施一体化建设、实施协同减排、加强科技创新和完善生态补偿机制等措施提升碳排放效率，促进珠江-西江经济带区域协调发展。

Abstract:

Carbon emission efficiency is an important indicator to comprehensively measure the relationship between regional socio-economic development and CO₂ pollution control efficiency,which is of great significance to promote resource-saving and sustainable socio-economic development. In this study,the Super-SBM model and Malmquist index were used to comprehensively evaluate the level of carbon emission efficiency in the Zhujiang-Xijiang Economic Belt from 2003 to 2017,the internal driving force of efficiency growth was analyzed through a bivariate map,and regional differences of carbon emission efficiency were analyzed by Dagum Gini coefficient to clarify future improvement directions.The results show that:① From 2003 to 2017,the carbon emission efficiency of the Zhujiang-Xijiang Economic Belt was relatively low,with an average of 0.382 over the years,indicating a huge space for emission reduction.②The dynamic efficiency results based on the Malmquist index analysis showed that the carbon emission efficiency of the economic belt has increased slightly during the study period. Compared with the initial stage of the study,the overall increase was 4%. The historical average contribution rates of pure technical efficiency change index (PEC) and technical progress efficiency change index (TC) were 1.1% and 2.5% respectively,which were the main factors for the improvement of carbon emission efficiency in the economic belt. ③ The Dagum Gini coefficient of carbon emission efficiency in the economic belt presents a flat 'V’ curve as a whole. The imbalance of carbon emission control efficiency between upstream and downstream cities and counties is the main reason for the significant difference of carbon emission efficiency in the economic belt. In the future,the efficiency of carbon emissions can be improved by promoting the integration of infrastructure construction,implementing coordinated emission reduction,strengthening scientific and technological innovation and improving the ecological compensation mechanism,so as to promote the coordinated development of the Zhujiang-Xijiang Economic Belt.