广西石漠化综合治理典型生态模式的能值效益分析

Emergy Benefit Analysis of Typical Ecological Models Derived from Comprehensive Management of Rocky Desertification in Guangxi

关键词:  石漠化综合治理  典型模式  能值分析  可持续发展  广西石漠化

Key words:  comprehensive management of rocky desertification  typical model  emergy analysis  sustainable development  Guangxi rocky desertification

摘要:

准确分析评价广西石漠化综合治理典型生态模式的可持续性，对评估石漠化治理成效以及后续优化完善石漠化治理模式具有重要指导作用。因此，本研究采用能值分析的方法，对种草养牛模式(Y1)、种桑养蚕模式(Y2)、毛葡萄模式(Q1)、火龙果黄豆复合模式(Q2)以及金银花模式(Q3)5种广西石漠化综合治理典型生态模式的能值效益进行研究。结果表明：5种典型生态模式的能值总投入为Y2＞Y1＞Q2＞Q1＞Q3，能值总产出均大于能值总投入；Q3的能值总投入中占比最高的为环境资源，为59.70%，而其他4种模式能值总投入中占比最高的为经济辅助能，超过75%；2种种养结合模式(Y1、Y2)的能值投入率和能值产出率均高于3种生态种植模式(Q1、Q2、Q3)，而能值自给率与之相反；5种典型生态模式的环境负载率都处于1.0至1.2之间，对环境压力较小；Y2的可持续性发展指数最大，为5.227 5，且5种典型生态模式的可持续性发展指数均大于1，表明生态模式富有活力和发展潜力。综上所述，Y2在能值产出和可持续发展上表现优秀；5种广西石漠化综合治理典型生态模式均具有不同程度的可持续性，但也存在Y1、Y2在自然资源的利用上更依赖外部输入，Q1和Q2对不可更新资源的依赖性较大以及Q3生产效率不高的问题，可因地制宜调整优化这些生态模式，提高广西石漠化综合治理的成效。

Abstract:

To accurately analyze and evaluate the sustainability of typical ecological models derived from the comprehensive management of rocky desertification in Guangxi has an important guiding role in evaluating the effectiveness of rocky desertification control and subsequent optimization and improvement of rocky desertification control models.Therefore,in this study,the emergy analysis method was used to study the emergy benefits of five typical ecological models of comprehensive management of rocky desertification in Guangxi,including grass-growing and cattle-raising model (Y1),mulberry-growing and silkworm-raising model (Y2),hairy grape model (Q1),pitaya-soybean compound model (Q2) and honeysuckle model (Q3).The results showed that the total emergy input of the five typical ecological models was Y2>Y1>Q2>Q1>Q3,and the total emergy output was greater than the total emergy input.The highest proportion of the total emergy input of Q3 was environmental resources,which was 59.70%,while the highest proportion of the total emergy input of the other four modes was economic auxiliary energy,which was more than 75%.The emergy input rate and emergy output rate of the two cultivation modes (Y1,Y2) were higher than those of the three ecological planting modes (Q1,Q2,Q3),while the emergy self-sufficiency rate was the opposite.The environmental load rate of the five typical ecological models was between 1.0 and 1.2,and the pressure on the environment was small.The sustainable development index of Y2 was the largest,which was 5.227 5,and the sustainable development indexes of the five typical ecological models were all greater than 1,indicating that the ecological model was full of vitality and development potential.In summary,the Y2 performs well in terms of emergy output and sustainable development.The five typical ecological models derived from the comprehensive management of rocky desertification in Guangxi have different degrees of sustainability,but there are also problems that Y1 and Y2 rely more on external input in the utilization of natural resources,Q1 and Q2 rely more on non-renewable resources,and Q3 production efficiency is not high.These ecological models can be adjusted and optimized according to local conditions to improve the effectiveness of comprehensive management of rocky desertification in Guangxi.