钦州湾潮间带生物群落对环境变化的响应分析

Response Analysis of Intertidal Organism Communities to Environmental Change in Qinzhou Bay

关键词:  潮间带生物  群落变化  环境变化  钦州湾

Key words:  intertidal organism  community succession  environmental change  Qinzhou Bay

摘要:

[目的]针对钦州湾海域金鼓江西岸Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ断面和大榄坪海域北端IV、V断面的潮间带生物进行了跨年份的调查研究,探讨潮间带生物群落变化与该海区近年环境扰动的关系。[方法]采用ABC曲线法、类比法对两次调查数据进行分析比较。[结果]各断面的潮间带总生物量第2次调查时数据都有较大的增加,增幅最小的为断面Ⅳ,增加了0.65倍,增幅最大的是断面Ⅱ,增加了37.19倍;类比分析发现5个断面的生物量增加可能与采样季节存在着较大的关系,另外,金鼓江西岸3个断面生物量的增加还可能与环境变化有关。ABC曲线显示各断面在两个调查时间段潮间带生物群落受扰动的情况,其中,断面Ⅰ、Ⅳ表现受中等程度的干扰,断面Ⅴ受干扰最为严重,断面Ⅲ未体现出受干扰。[结论]不同断面潮间带生物群落随年代变化的差异与该海域近年所进行的围填海工程开发造成的环境变化有关,远离围填海工程区、水动力变弱的断面潮间带生物量会大幅增加,潮间带生物群落的优势种也会发生演替。

Abstract:

[Objective] In order to study the relationship between the changes of the intertidal biological communities and environmental disturbance, surveys of the intertidal organism were carried out in 5 sections in Qinzhou Bay from 2009 to 2012.[Methods] The methods of analogue and ABC curves were used to analyze and compare the investigation data.[Results] The results showed that the biomass of the intertidal organism obtained in the second investigation was higher than that of the first one, and the least increment of biomass was 0.65 times in Transect Ⅳ while the biggest one is 37.19 times in Transect Ⅱ.It was deduced that the rises of the 3 transects on the west side of Jingu River were not only due to the seasonal variation.The ABC curves showed that the biotic communities in Transect Ⅰ, Transect Ⅳ subjected to medium strength interference from the surrounding disturbance, especially, Transect Ⅴ subjected to the highest strength interference.In contrast, the biotic communities in transect Ⅲ were not interfered in both survey periods.[Conclusion] The differences of the variation of biotic communities with years change in different transects were related to the environmental change derived from sea reclamation.The intertidal biomass in some transects that were far from the sea reclamation area or in weak hydrodynamic force area would obviously increase, and also dominant species succession in biotic communities would happen.